Statements: All engineers are graduates. Some graduates are scientists. Conclusions: I. All scientists are engineers. II. Some engineers may be scientists
Correct answer: B. Only II
- A. Only I
- B. Only II
- C. Both
- D. None
Explanation
The correct answer is Option B: Only II. The statements 'All engineers are graduates' and 'Some graduates are scientists' suggest that while not all scientists are engineers, there is a possibility that some engineers could be scientists. Conclusion I, which states 'All scientists are engineers,' does not follow from the given statements as it assumes a relationship not supported by the premises. Meanwhile, Conclusion II, 'Some engineers may be scientists,' logically follows because the overlap between graduates and scientists allows for the possibility that some engineers, who are all graduates, might also be scientists.
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About Logical Deductions
Logical deductions require conclusions to be drawn from stated facts, conditions and relationships without adding outside information. The work includes handling all, some and none statements, necessary and sufficient conditions, ordering restrictions, true or false conclusions, and the difference between what must be true and what could be true.
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