Phobias can be very debilitating and distressing phenomena. Which, if any, of the following statements are correct in relation to Watson and Rayner's (1920) research into them? 1:Watson and Rayner speculated that the complexity of emotional responsiveness in adults might be explained by the conditioning of children's simple emotional reactions when they are exposed to new stimuli 2:Watson and Rayner found evidence for emotional from a test trial in which the rat was accompanied by the noise 3:The fear reaction in Albert could be produced by a loud noise 4:None of the above
Correct answer: B. 1 & 3
- A. 1 & 2
- B. 1 & 3
- C. 2 & 3
- D. 4
Explanation
Watson and Rayner proposed that complex adult emotions could develop from conditioning simpler childhood reactions, and Albert’s fear could be elicited by the loud noise. The rat test demonstrated fear to the rat without the noise, so statement 2 is inaccurately phrased.
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