In an examination 38% of students fail in English and 61% pass in Urdu and 23% fail in both. Find the actual failure percentage?
Correct answer: C. 54%
- A. 46%
- B. 61%
- C. 54%
- D. 70%
Explanation
English failure is 38%, while Urdu failure is 100% - 61% = 39%. Using the union rule, actual failure in at least one subject is 38% + 39% - 23% = 54%, because those failing both were counted twice. The likely mistake is adding 38% and 39% without subtracting the 23% overlap and choosing 70%.
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Percentages express a quantity as parts per hundred and support calculations involving increases, decreases, discounts, commissions, taxes, and successive changes. Questions require distinguishing percentage change from percentage points and identifying the original value when a final value and its percentage change are given.
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