Dependent causes/ Independent causes.Statement: There is a considerable reduction in the number of people affected by water-borne diseases in city A during this rainy season. The government has opened four new civil hospitals in City A at the beginning of the year.
Correct answer: B. Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
- A. Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
- B. Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
- C. Both the statements I and II are independent causes
- D. Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes
Explanation
Effect: Reduction in water-borne diseases (Statement I)Possible cause: Opening hospitals (Statement II)Opening hospitals (Statement II) may help in treatment, but the reduction in water-borne diseases also depends on water quality, sanitation, rainfall, etc. → independent causeThe reduction itself (Statement I) is actually the effect, not a cause.
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Cause and effect questions examine whether one event produces another, whether both arise from a common factor, or whether their connection is only coincidental. They involve identifying preceding and resulting events, separating correlation from causation, and judging whether the stated evidence supports a direct, possible or unlikely relationship.
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