A nurse researcher wants to determine how often staff correctly perform hand hygiene. Which data collection method provides the most direct evidence of actual practice?
Correct answer: C. Observing hand hygiene using a structured checklist
- A. Reviewing staff attendance records
- B. Giving nurses a knowledge questionnaire
- C. Observing hand hygiene using a structured checklist
- D. Asking patients whether nurses clean their hands
Explanation
Direct structured observation records the behaviour as it occurs and is therefore most suitable for measuring actual practice. Questionnaires and patient reports may be affected by recall, knowledge, or reporting bias.
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About Nursing Research
Nursing research covers problem identification, literature review, research questions, hypotheses, variables, quantitative and qualitative approaches, study designs, sampling and data collection. It also addresses validity, reliability, research ethics, data interpretation and evidence-based practice, including how research findings can guide nursing decisions and care.
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