A researcher measures the effect of a pressure-injury prevention programme, but the nurses who receive the programme choose which patients receive it. Which threat to internal validity is most likely?
Correct answer: A. Selection bias
- A. Selection bias
- B. Testing effect
- C. Instrumentation error
- D. Attrition bias
Explanation
Allowing staff to choose recipients can create systematic differences between the intervention and comparison groups. This selection bias may affect the outcome independently of the programme itself.
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Nursing research covers problem identification, literature review, research questions, hypotheses, variables, quantitative and qualitative approaches, study designs, sampling and data collection. It also addresses validity, reliability, research ethics, data interpretation and evidence-based practice, including how research findings can guide nursing decisions and care.
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