5% people of a village in Sri Lanka died by bombardment, 15% of the remainder left the village on account of fear. If now the population is reduced to 3553, how much was it in the beginning?
Correct answer: C. 4400
- A. 3800
- B. 4200
- C. 4400
- D. 5500
Explanation
After 5% die, 95% remain, and after 15% of that remainder leave, 85% of 95% remains: 0.95 x 0.85 = 0.8075. Therefore, 0.8075 x original population = 3553 people, so original population = 3553 / 0.8075 = 4400 people. The likely mistake is subtracting 15% from the original population instead of from the remaining population, leading to 4200 people.
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Percentages express a quantity as parts per hundred and support calculations involving increases, decreases, discounts, commissions, taxes, and successive changes. Questions require distinguishing percentage change from percentage points and identifying the original value when a final value and its percentage change are given.
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