All Free Veterinary Science MCQs with Answers

• A. Ixodes hard tick
• B. Culicoides biting midge
• C. Sarcoptes mite
• D. Anopheles mosquito

Explanation: Bluetongue virus is transmitted biologically by female Culicoides midges, especially species in the C.

• A. Schick test
• B. Rose Bengal test
• C. Coggins test
• D. Widal test

Explanation: The Coggins test is an agar gel immunodiffusion test used to detect antibodies against equine infectious anaemia virus.

• A. Bone marrow
• B. Spleen
• C. Lymph node
• D. Thymus

Explanation: Immature T lymphocytes migrate to the thymus, where they undergo selection and mature into functional T cells.

• A. Microbial antigen in the sample
• B. Serum antibody against the microbe
• C. Bacterial toxin in urine
• D. Host complement concentration

Explanation: In a direct fluorescent antibody test, a fluorescently labelled antibody binds directly to microbial antigen in cells or tissue.

• A. Dry heat sterilization
• B. Membrane filtration
• C. Flaming over a burner
• D. Boiling for ten minutes

Explanation: Membrane filtration removes bacteria from heat-sensitive liquids without exposing the serum to damaging temperatures.

• A. Teichoic acid layer
• B. Thick peptidoglycan layer
• C. Lipopolysaccharide layer
• D. Chitinous cell wall

Explanation: Lipopolysaccharide is a major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and includes lipid A, core polysaccharide, and O…

• A. Acid-fast mycobacteria
• B. Strictly anaerobic bacteria
• C. Dermatophyte fungi
• D. Gram-negative enteric bacteria

Explanation: MacConkey agar contains substances that inhibit many Gram-positive organisms, allowing Gram-negative enteric bacteria to grow.

• A. Incubation in an anaerobic system
• B. Incubation in a candle jar
• C. Incubation in ordinary air
• D. Incubation under ultraviolet light

Explanation: Obligate anaerobes require an atmosphere in which oxygen is removed or greatly reduced, such as an anaerobic jar or chamber.

• A. Denaturation
• B. Annealing
• C. Extension
• D. Elution

Explanation: Annealing is the stage when primers attach to their complementary sequences on the separated DNA strands.

• A. Reverse transcriptase
• B. RNA polymerase
• C. Taq DNA polymerase
• D. DNA ligase

Explanation: Taq DNA polymerase extends primers and synthesizes new DNA during PCR, while remaining active through repeated heating cycles.

• A. Spirochetal disease
• B. Rickettsial disease
• C. Protozoal disease
• D. Prion disease

Explanation: Prion diseases result from abnormal infectious proteins that induce misfolding of normal host proteins.

• A. They neutralize vaccine antigens before immune priming
• B. They destroy the animal's lymph nodes
• C. They permanently block antibody production
• D. They convert live vaccines into bacterial toxins

Explanation: Passively acquired maternal antibodies may bind and neutralize vaccine antigens before the young animal mounts an adequate active immune…

• A. Natural passive immunity
• B. Natural active immunity
• C. Artificial passive immunity
• D. Innate barrier immunity

Explanation: Recovery from infection stimulates the animal to produce its own antibodies and memory lymphocytes, which is natural active immunity.

• A. Opsonization
• B. Antigenic variation
• C. Immune tolerance
• D. Complement fixation

Explanation: Immune tolerance prevents harmful responses against the body's own antigens by deleting or inactivating self-reactive lymphocytes.

• A. A parasitic adult worm
• B. A whole bacterial cell
• C. A viral envelope
• D. A soluble protein

Explanation: Precipitation occurs when soluble antigens react with their specific antibodies and form an insoluble lattice.

• A. Intermediate host
• B. Definitive host
• C. Paratenic host
• D. Accidental host

Explanation: Cattle are the intermediate hosts because the larval cysticercus stage develops in their muscles.

• A. Miracidium
• B. Metacercaria
• C. Cercaria
• D. Sporocyst

Explanation: The metacercaria is the encysted infective stage attached to aquatic vegetation.

• A. Large intestine
• B. Small intestine
• C. Abomasum
• D. Bile duct

Explanation: Haemonchus contortus is a blood-feeding nematode of the abomasum. Its heavy infections can cause severe anaemia, weakness and…

• A. Duodenum
• B. Jejunum
• C. Ileum
• D. Caeca

Explanation: Eimeria tenella develops mainly in the caeca and can produce severe caecal haemorrhage.

• A. Biological transmission
• B. Mechanical transmission
• C. Contact transmission
• D. Faecal oral transmission

Explanation: Babesia undergoes development and multiplication inside the tick, so its transmission is biological.