Free Sampling and Estimation MCQs with Answers
30 Sampling and Estimation MCQs from Quantitative Methods, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Sampling covers population and sample, sampling frames, simple random, systematic, stratified, cluster and convenience methods, along with sampling and non-sampling errors. Estimation includes sample statistics, population parameters, point estimates, confidence intervals and margins of error, with attention to how sample size affects precision.
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30 questions · page 2 of 2
- A. Stratified sampling
- B. Systematic sampling
- C. Purposive sampling
- D. Convenience sampling
Explanation: Purposive sampling deliberately selects units with particular characteristics or knowledge relevant to the research.
Correct answer: Purposive sampling- A. Judgement sampling
- B. Quota sampling
- C. Simple random sampling
- D. Multistage sampling
Explanation: Multistage sampling selects samples through two or more successive stages.
Correct answer: Multistage sampling- A. 0.0049
- B. 0.0240
- C. 0.0490
- D. 0.4000
Explanation: The standard error is calculated as the square root of p(1 minus p) divided by n. Thus, √(0.40 × 0.60 ÷ 100) is approximately 0.0490.
Correct answer: 0.0490- A. 196
- B. 256
- C. 385
- D. 400
Explanation: When no prior proportion is available, p = 0.50 is used because it gives the maximum variance.
Correct answer: 385- A. Highest population value
- B. Largest sample mean
- C. Smallest variance
- D. Greatest sampling fraction
Explanation: Efficiency among unbiased estimators is judged by variance. The estimator with the smallest variance produces the most precise estimates…
Correct answer: Smallest variance- A. Researchers select entire groups and survey their members
- B. Researchers select every kth unit after a random start
- C. Researchers randomly choose units from each subgroup
- D. Researchers fill preset subgroup quotas without requiring random selection
Explanation: Quota sampling sets required numbers for selected categories, but the units within those categories are usually chosen nonrandomly.
Correct answer: Researchers fill preset subgroup quotas without requiring random selection- A. With replacement from the observed sample
- B. Without replacement from the population
- C. From every population unit exactly once
- D. Only from units with missing responses
Explanation: Bootstrap resampling repeatedly draws, with replacement, from the observed sample to approximate the sampling distribution of a statistic.
Correct answer: With replacement from the observed sample- A. There is a 95 percent probability that the fixed parameter lies in this calculated interval
- B. About 95 percent of similarly constructed intervals contain the fixed parameter
- C. Exactly 95 percent of population values lie inside the calculated interval
- D. The sample statistic has a 95 percent probability of equalling the parameter
Explanation: In repeated sampling, about 95 percent of intervals constructed by the same method contain the fixed population parameter.
Correct answer: About 95 percent of similarly constructed intervals contain the fixed parameter- A. Population size only
- B. Within stratum variability only
- C. Sampling frame code
- D. Product of size and variability
Explanation: Neyman allocation considers both the size of a stratum and its within stratum standard deviation.
Correct answer: Product of size and variability- A. Precision
- B. Unbiasedness
- C. Representativeness
- D. Randomization
Explanation: An estimator can be unbiased while still having high variance. Reducing its spread improves precision, whereas unbiasedness concerns…
Correct answer: Precision