Free Research Methods and Statistics MCQs with Answers

• A. experimental regression
• B. naturalistic observation
• C. controlled experimentation
• D. clinical case study

Explanation: Naturalistic observation records behaviour in its normal setting without deliberately manipulating the situation.

• A. the independent variable
• B. a control variable
• C. an extraneous variable
• D. the dependent variable

Explanation: The dependent variable is the outcome measured by the researcher. Here, ginseng intake is manipulated and IQ score is measured to see…

• A. researchers misrepresent their date
• B. a theory must be defined so it can be dis confirmed
• C. theories are rich array of observations regarding behavior but with few facts to support them
• D. nothingMental Health

Explanation: A falsifiable theory makes predictions that evidence could potentially show to be wrong or disconfirm.

• A. explanation
• B. theory
• C. prediction
• D. description

Explanation: Naturalistic observation measures behaviour in its ordinary environment without experimental manipulation, so its immediate product is a…

• A. carefully design controlled situations in which to observe behavior
• B. Rely on observations of subjects' responses to nares
• C. observe behavior as it happens outside the laboratory or clinic
• D. make records of the behavior of clients treated in therapy

Explanation: Naturalistic observation involves recording behaviour as it naturally occurs outside a laboratory or clinic, without imposing a controlled…

• A. naturalistic observation
• B. the correlational method
• C. a controlled experiment
• D. the survey methodGet Study Guides

Explanation: The correlational method assesses the degree and direction of relationship between two measured events or variables.

• A. All subject get the experimental procedure
• B. Half the subjects get the experimental procedure, half the placebo; which they receive is know only to the experimenter
• C. Half the subjects get the experimental procedure, half the placebo; which they receive is not know to subjects or experimenters
• D. all subjects get control

Explanation: In a double-blind procedure, neither the participants nor the researchers who interact with them know who receives the experimental…

• A. researchers misrepresent their data
• B. a theory must be defined so it can be disconfirmed
• C. theories are a rich array of observations regarding behavior but with few facts to support them
• D. nothing

Explanation: Falsifiability means a theory must make claims that evidence could potentially show to be false.

• A. the stimulus intensity that can be detected 100% of the time
• B. the stimulus intensity that can be detected 50% of the time
• C. the minimum amount of difference in intensity needed to tell two stimuli apart
• D. a constant proportion of the size of the initial stimulus

Explanation: Because detection varies with attention and other conditions, the absolute threshold is conventionally set at the stimulus intensity…

• A. counterconditioning
• B. meta - analysis
• C. factor analysis
• D. electric therapy

Explanation: A meta-analysis statistically combines findings from many separate studies to estimate the overall evidence for a treatment.

• A. therapeutic touch.
• B. regression toward the mean
• C. the double - blind technique
• D. transference

Explanation: Regression toward the mean means that unusually severe scores often become closer to average on later measurement, even without effective…

• A. the simultaneous use or two or more therapeutic treatments in the hope that at least one will be effective.
• B. replacing a positive response to a harmful stimulus with a negative response.
• C. blocking anxiety - arousing material from consciousness during therapy.
• D. a procedure in which neither patients nor health care staff know whether a given patient is receiving a drug or placebo

Explanation: In a double-blind procedure, neither the participants nor the researchers or healthcare staff know who receives the active treatment and…

• A. sampling accuracy
• B. reliability
• C. validity
• D. predictability

Explanation: Reliability is the consistency of a measurement, including its ability to produce similar results when the same phenomenon is measured…

• A. An operational definition
• B. A theory
• C. An hypothesis
• D. A correlation

Explanation: A hypothesis is a testable, tentative statement predicting a relationship between variables.

• A. the identification of a cause-and-effect relationship
• B. similar to the correlational method in the causality is determined.
• C. that the surroundings are always similar to real life experiences
• D. that is an informal way to investigate behavior.

Explanation: Experiments manipulate an independent variable while controlling other conditions, allowing researchers to determine whether it causes…

• A. Do the findings from psychological studies parallel what happens to real crime witnesses?
• B. Should research findings be made available to the court to influence real trials?
• C. Both a and b.
• D. Neither a nor b.Take Psychology Courses

Explanation: External validity asks whether findings generalize beyond the study, including to real crime witnesses and courtroom decisions.

• A. poor reliability and poor validity.
• B. good reliability but poor validity
• C. poor reliability but good validity.
• D. good reliability and good validity.

Explanation: An oral thermometer may produce consistent readings, giving the measure reasonable reliability, but body temperature is not a valid…

• A. the validity of the test.
• B. an operational definition of "intelligence."
• C. the creation of a "culture fair" test.
• D. the reliability of the test.

Explanation: Giving the same test again after one month allows the psychologist to examine test-retest reliability, or the stability of scores over…

• A. validated
• B. normalized
• C. operationalized
• D. standardized

Explanation: A test is standardized when its administration and scoring procedures are kept the same for all examinees.

• A. functional
• B. valid
• C. reliable
• D. operational

Explanation: An operational definition specifies how an abstract concept is measured in practice.