All Free Paediatric Nursing MCQs with Answers

• A. It develops memory cells after vaccination
• B. It gives immediate protection without lasting immune memory
• C. It requires exposure to a weakened microorganism
• D. It usually provides lifelong protection after one dose

Explanation: Passive immunity comes from ready-made antibodies and acts quickly, but it does not usually create immune memory.

• A. Live attenuated vaccine
• B. Inactivated whole-cell vaccine
• C. Subunit vaccine
• D. Toxoid vaccine

Explanation: A subunit vaccine contains purified components, such as proteins or polysaccharides, that stimulate immunity.

• A. In the refrigerator door shelves
• B. Against the freezer compartment wall
• C. On the middle shelves away from the door
• D. Beside the refrigerator light bulb

Explanation: Vaccines should be kept on the middle shelves where the temperature is more stable.

• A. Leave them there because the door is easy to access
• B. Move them to the recommended shelves and check their condition
• C. Place them beside the freezer to cool them quickly
• D. Discard every vaccine immediately without assessment

Explanation: The nurse should move vaccines to the correct shelves and assess temperature records, expiry dates and VVM status.

• A. Send the child home after the seizure stops
• B. Record and promptly report the serious AEFI through the EPI system
• C. Give the same vaccine again to confirm the reaction
• D. Wait for the next routine immunisation session to report it

Explanation: A serious AEFI requires accurate documentation and prompt notification through the designated EPI reporting system after the child is…

• A. Recap it with two hands before disposal
• B. Bend it before placing it in the waste bin
• C. Place it immediately in a puncture-resistant safety box
• D. Leave it on the tray until the session has ended

Explanation: Used needles should be placed immediately into a puncture-resistant safety box without recapping, bending or handling them again.

• A. Touch the dropper tip to the child’s lips
• B. Place the dropper tip inside the child’s mouth
• C. Keep the dropper tip away from the mouth and tongue
• D. Mix the vaccine with leftover milk in a feeding bottle

Explanation: The dropper tip should not touch the child’s mouth because this can contaminate the vial.

• A. They contain a live bacterium that multiplies in the intestine
• B. They link a polysaccharide antigen to a protein carrier to improve the immune response
• C. They contain antibodies collected from an immune donor
• D. They destroy bacteria already multiplying in the child’s blood

Explanation: Conjugate vaccines link a polysaccharide antigen to a protein carrier, producing a stronger and more reliable response in young children.

• A. This always means the child has a severe allergy
• B. These mild reactions can occur and usually settle with observation and comfort care
• C. The child must never receive another vaccine
• D. The child needs antibiotics immediately for vaccine infection

Explanation: Mild soreness, swelling or low-grade fever can occur after immunisation and usually resolves without antibiotics.

• A. Vaccination only benefits children who have already been infected
• B. Vaccination helps protect the child and reduces spread within the community
• C. Vaccination replaces handwashing and safe drinking water
• D. Vaccination treats infections after symptoms have started

Explanation: Vaccination directly protects the child and also reduces transmission, helping protect people who cannot be fully vaccinated.

• A. 6
• B. 7
• C. 8
• D. 9

Explanation: The scores are 2 for heart rate, 2 for respirations, 2 for muscle tone, 2 for reflex response, and 1 for colour, giving 9?

• A. Place the newborn under a fan for ventilation
• B. Dry the newborn thoroughly and cover the head
• C. Bathe the newborn in warm water
• D. Leave the newborn uncovered for observation

Explanation: Drying removes evaporative heat loss, while covering the head reduces further heat loss.

• A. Separate the newborn for routine bathing
• B. Offer glucose water before the first feed
• C. Place the newborn skin-to-skin with the mother
• D. Delay breastfeeding until the mother has rested

Explanation: Skin-to-skin contact supports warmth, bonding, and early initiation of breastfeeding.

• A. Apply antibiotic powder after every diaper change
• B. Keep the cord clean and dry and fold the diaper below it
• C. Cover the cord tightly with a wet dressing
• D. Pull off the cord when it begins to loosen

Explanation: Keeping the stump clean and dry and preventing urine or stool contact helps reduce infection.

• A. Mild peeling of skin on the hands
• B. Respiratory grunting with chest retractions
• C. Small white spots on the nose
• D. A bluish colour limited to the hands and feet

Explanation: Grunting and chest retractions indicate increased work of breathing and possible respiratory distress, so airway and breathing take…

• A. Give a full bath with warm water
• B. Place the newborn skin-to-skin under warm covering
• C. Offer plain water by mouth
• D. Keep the newborn uncovered for frequent observation

Explanation: Skin-to-skin care under warm covering provides effective warmth and also supports cardiorespiratory stability.

• A. Reassure the mother that this is always normal
• B. Encourage sunlight exposure at home
• C. Notify the clinician promptly for assessment
• D. Stop breastfeeding until the colour clears

Explanation: Jaundice appearing during the first 24 hours is potentially pathological and requires prompt assessment, including bilirubin evaluation.

• A. Place the newborn prone and leave the room
• B. Check the blood glucose and notify the clinician
• C. Give a routine bath to stimulate activity
• D. Wait until the next scheduled feeding

Explanation: Jitteriness and poor feeding may indicate neonatal hypoglycaemia, which can cause neurological injury if untreated.

• A. Temperature instability with poor feeding
• B. Sneezing once after feeding
• C. Small amounts of breast milk regurgitation
• D. Transient hiccups after crying

Explanation: Temperature instability combined with poor feeding is a neonatal danger sign and may indicate sepsis.

• A. Begin oral feeding to improve energy
• B. Place the newborn supine and reassess later
• C. Provide immediate respiratory support and call for urgent help
• D. Wrap the newborn tightly and continue routine observations

Explanation: Tachypnoea, nasal flaring, and central cyanosis show serious respiratory compromise, so breathing is the immediate priority.