Free Renal and Urological Nursing MCQs with Answers
50 Renal and Urological Nursing MCQs from Medical Surgical Nursing, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Covers assessment and care for urinary tract infection, glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, renal stones and urinary obstruction. The subject includes intake and output, urinalysis, fluid restriction, dialysis care and the difference between prerenal, intrinsic and postrenal kidney injury.
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50 questions · page 3 of 3
- A. Discard the first morning urine, then collect every void for 24 hours
- B. Collect only the first morning urine and send it to the laboratory
- C. Begin collecting after breakfast and stop at bedtime the same day
- D. Save the first urine, then discard the final urine at the end
Explanation: The first morning urine is discarded to start the timed collection with an empty bladder, and every urine specimen after that is saved for…
Correct answer: Discard the first morning urine, then collect every void for 24 hours- A. Prerenal injury caused by reduced circulating volume
- B. Intrinsic injury caused by damage to renal tubules
- C. Postrenal injury caused by ureteric obstruction
- D. Functional injury caused by temporary urinary retention
Explanation: Gentamicin can injure renal tubular cells, causing intrinsic acute kidney injury and granular casts.
Correct answer: Intrinsic injury caused by damage to renal tubules- A. Increased plasma oncotic pressure draws fluid into vessels
- B. Reduced plasma oncotic pressure allows fluid into tissues
- C. Increased renal filtration removes excess tissue fluid
- D. Reduced capillary permeability prevents fluid reabsorption
Explanation: Heavy urinary protein loss lowers serum albumin and reduces plasma oncotic pressure, so fluid moves from the intravascular space into the…
Correct answer: Reduced plasma oncotic pressure allows fluid into tissues- A. Keep the drainage bag below bladder level
- B. Disconnect the tubing daily to rinse the bag
- C. Empty the bag only when it is completely full
- D. Place the drainage bag on the patient’s bed during transfers
Explanation: Keeping the drainage bag below bladder level promotes closed-system drainage and prevents backflow of contaminated urine.
Correct answer: Keep the drainage bag below bladder level- A. Apply gentle continuous pressure with sterile gauze
- B. Place an ice pack directly over the fistula site
- C. Clean the site vigorously with an antiseptic solution
- D. Apply a tight circumferential bandage around the arm
Explanation: Gentle continuous pressure controls bleeding while avoiding impairment of fistula circulation.
Correct answer: Apply gentle continuous pressure with sterile gauze- A. White blood cell casts
- B. Occasional squamous epithelial cells
- C. Small numbers of mucus threads
- D. A few calcium oxalate crystals
Explanation: White blood cell casts form within renal tubules and strongly suggest renal inflammation, such as pyelonephritis.
Correct answer: White blood cell casts- A. Grilled chicken, white rice, and a low-sodium salad
- B. Cured meat, cheese, and a large serving of lentils
- C. Banana smoothie, tomato soup, and salted crackers
- D. Pickle sandwich, dried fruit, and packaged noodle soup
Explanation: A low-sodium meal with an appropriate protein portion is generally suitable for chronic kidney disease, although potassium, phosphate…
Correct answer: Grilled chicken, white rice, and a low-sodium salad- A. Diphenhydramine
- B. Amoxicillin
- C. Ferrous sulfate
- D. Omeprazole
Explanation: Diphenhydramine has anticholinergic effects that can reduce detrusor contraction and worsen urinary retention.
Correct answer: Diphenhydramine- A. Mild soreness at the biopsy site
- B. Pink-tinged urine that rapidly becomes bright red
- C. A request for assistance with oral hygiene
- D. A blood pressure of 126/78 mmHg while resting
Explanation: Rapidly increasing bright-red hematuria may indicate renal bleeding after biopsy and requires prompt assessment and reporting.
Correct answer: Pink-tinged urine that rapidly becomes bright red- A. Assess the site and notify the renal team promptly
- B. Apply talcum powder around the exit site
- C. Ignore the finding unless the drainage becomes cloudy
- D. Remove the catheter immediately at the bedside
Explanation: Redness, warmth, and purulent drainage suggest an exit-site infection and require prompt assessment and treatment to prevent spread into…
Correct answer: Assess the site and notify the renal team promptly