Free Endocrine and Diabetes Nursing MCQs with Answers
50 Endocrine and Diabetes Nursing MCQs from Medical Surgical Nursing, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Covers diabetes mellitus, insulin therapy, hypoglycaemia, diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar states and common thyroid, adrenal and pituitary disorders. It includes blood glucose monitoring, diet, foot care, sick-day management and the clinical differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes and between diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state.
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50 questions · page 3 of 3
- A. Take the tablet now and skip breakfast
- B. Take the tablet with a glass of milk only
- C. Wait to take the tablet until ready to eat
- D. Double the next dose after eating breakfast
Explanation: Glipizide stimulates insulin release and can cause hypoglycaemia when taken without an adequate meal.
Correct answer: Wait to take the tablet until ready to eat- A. High glucose, high bicarbonate and low ketones
- B. High glucose, low bicarbonate and positive ketones
- C. Normal glucose, high bicarbonate and positive ketones
- D. Low glucose, low bicarbonate and negative ketones
Explanation: Diabetic ketoacidosis causes insulin deficiency, increased ketone production and metabolic acidosis.
Correct answer: High glucose, low bicarbonate and positive ketones- A. Continue wearing the shoe until the blister dries
- B. Apply a heating pad to improve circulation
- C. Protect the area and avoid pressure on the heel
- D. Open the blister with a sterile needle at home
Explanation: A diabetic foot blister should be protected from further pressure and assessed for infection or tissue damage.
Correct answer: Protect the area and avoid pressure on the heel- A. Rub the eyes firmly to remove the gritty feeling
- B. Use prescribed lubricating drops and protect the eyes
- C. Restrict fluids to reduce swelling around the eyes
- D. Apply topical steroid cream directly into the eyes
Explanation: Thyroid eye disease can cause incomplete eyelid closure, corneal dryness and injury.
Correct answer: Use prescribed lubricating drops and protect the eyes- A. Assess airway patency and respiratory effectiveness
- B. Measure the patient’s usual daily calorie intake
- C. Inspect the skin for changes in pigmentation
- D. Ask about the patient’s recent bowel pattern
Explanation: Severe hypothyroidism can progress to myxoedema coma, causing respiratory depression and reduced consciousness.
Correct answer: Assess airway patency and respiratory effectiveness- A. Urine output decreases to a normal amount
- B. The patient reports mild thirst before lunch
- C. The patient gains weight rapidly and develops a headache
- D. Urine becomes less dilute during treatment
Explanation: Desmopressin reduces excessive urine loss, but too much water retention can cause hyponatraemia.
Correct answer: The patient gains weight rapidly and develops a headache- A. I should exercise even when urine ketones are positive
- B. I will carry a fast source of glucose during exercise
- C. I can skip glucose monitoring on exercise days
- D. I should inject insulin into the exercising muscle before activity
Explanation: Exercise can lower blood glucose, so a patient with insulin-treated diabetes should carry a rapid source of glucose and monitor glucose as…
Correct answer: I will carry a fast source of glucose during exercise- A. Adrenocorticotropic hormone
- B. Antidiuretic hormone
- C. Prolactin
- D. Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Explanation: Excess prolactin can suppress reproductive hormones and cause amenorrhoea with galactorrhoea.
Correct answer: Prolactin- A. Encourage vigorous exercise to lower the glucose
- B. Check urine or blood ketones before exercise
- C. Give the patient a high-fat snack immediately
- D. Tell the patient to omit the next insulin dose
Explanation: Hyperglycaemia with nausea may indicate developing ketone production, and exercise can worsen metabolic acidosis when insulin is…
Correct answer: Check urine or blood ketones before exercise- A. High aldosterone, low renin and low potassium
- B. Low aldosterone, high renin and high potassium
- C. High aldosterone, high renin and high potassium
- D. Low aldosterone, low renin and low potassium
Explanation: Primary hyperaldosteronism causes excessive aldosterone secretion, usually from an adrenal source.
Correct answer: High aldosterone, low renin and low potassium