Free Theories of International Relations MCQs with Answers

• A. Renaissance
• B. Enlightenment
• C. Liberalism
• D. Modernism

Explanation: The Enlightenment was an eighteenth-century European movement that emphasized reason, science and individual liberty while challenging…

• A. Free action
• B. Free will
• C. Freedom will
• D. Free freedom will

Explanation: Free will is the doctrine that people can choose and control their actions rather than being completely determined by God, fate or prior…

• A. The unification of the proletariat into a ruling class
• B. The overthrow of the bourgeois supremacy
• C. a & b both
• D. None of these

Explanation: In Marxist theory, the immediate political objective is to organize the proletariat as a class and overthrow bourgeois political…

• A. A country with a constitution
• B. Delineated area of rule-governed activity
• C. A set of implicit or explicit principles, norms, rules and decision making, procedures around which actors expectations converge in a given area of international relations
• D. b and c

Explanation: An international regime is a set of principles, norms, rules and decision-making procedures around which expectations converge in a…

• A. Principles are represented by coherent bodies of theoretical statements about how the world works ii. norms specify general standards of behaviour iii. rules operate at a lower level of generality than principles and norms iv. Decision making procedures identify specific prescriptions for behaviour, which will regularly change as a regime is consolidated and extended
• B. Rules are coherent with the way of life of its actors ii. representatives are elected democratically iii. there is a legal system iv. rule-enforcement is under supervision of police military institutions
• C. 'the concept of the regime is so complicated, there are no principle elements'
• D. None of the above

Explanation: Krasner identifies principles, norms, rules and decision-making procedures as the four elements of international regimes.

• A. The situation in which the regime does not have a clear successor to its ruler in case of death
• B. A situation in which a regime's constitution is not followed or insignificant
• C. A situation in which formal rules have been brought into existence without any expectation that they will be observe
• D. a and b

Explanation: A dead-letter regime exists when formal rules are established but there is little or no expectation that actors will actually observe…

• A. Because it is the major mechanism for establishing and maintaining a regime in the absence of a hegemon, since it deters actors from defecting
• B. Because forming a regime needs much cooperation
• C. Because following the golden rule puts all actors in the same situation
• D. None of the above

Explanation: Reciprocity encourages states to cooperate by linking present behaviour to future responses: cooperation is returned with cooperation and…

• A. Public goods are those in which unrestrained market competition is not effective (i.e. hospitals). Public bads are the result unrestrained market competition (i.e. pollution)
• B. Public goods are those goods that are free for the public. Public bads are those that are extremely expensive
• C. Public goods are positive intangible sentiments widespread in the public (i.e. happiness, pride, nationalism). Public bads are negative attributes that are widespread in the public (i.e. violence, crime)
• D. All of the above

Explanation: Public goods are benefits that markets may undersupply because people cannot easily be excluded from them, while public bads impose…

• A. It is a situation in which rules are not being followed
• B. It is a system in which there are no norms or rules
• C. Anarchy
• D. Both b and c

Explanation: Anomie means a condition of normlessness in which shared rules and standards lose their force.

• A. Power does not come into play when a state enters an international regime
• B. Power can be used by a hegemon to pressure other states to collaborate and conform to a regime
• C. In the absence of hegemonic power, states can establish and maintain regimes through reciprocity
• D. b and c

Explanation: Neo-liberals accept that a hegemon may use power to encourage cooperation, but they also argue that regimes can be created and maintained…

• A. States have to submit their power every time a regime is formed
• B. Only powerful actors can form regimes, powerless actors must submit to them
• C. Realists do not accept that regimes can actually be formed
• D. Power is used to form regimes if such regime promotes the power-holder's long-term interests

Explanation: Realists do not deny that regimes can form; they see them as instruments that powerful states support when they serve those states'…

• A. Lack of initiative from states
• B. Slow economic growth
• C. The anarchy structure of the international system, competition among actors, lack of reciprocity, and focus on relative power
• D. a and b

Explanation: Regime formation is hindered by the anarchic international system, competition for advantage, uncertainty about reciprocity, and concern…

• A. A hegemon
• B. The shadow of the future
• C. An information-rich environment
• D. All of the aboveGet Study Guides

Explanation: A hegemon can enforce or facilitate cooperation, while repeated interaction creates a shadow of the future and better information reduces…

• A. rarely gain legitimacy in the absence of a world government
• B. can become institutionalized through international organizations
• C. were established after World War II by the United Nations
• D. create common ideas and cultural attitudes across countriesConsult Local Attorneys

Explanation: International norms can gain durability when organizations incorporate them into rules, procedures, and institutions.

• A. Total integration
• B. Mutual integration
• C. Spillover
• D. Supranationalism

Explanation: Spillover is the neofunctionalist idea that economic cooperation creates pressures for further political integration.

• A. has never seen even partial success
• B. has been fully and successfully realized in the form of the European Union
• C. has never been attempted on a national level; it has only been tried on an international level
• D. has never gone beyond a partial and uneasy sharing of power between state and supranational levels

Explanation: Integration has produced shared institutions, but states have generally retained substantial sovereignty and have repeatedly contested the…

• A. The liberal position on rights maintains that life liberal and property are rights that are inalienable and unconditional. The only acceptable reason for constraining one individual is to protect the rights of another
• B. The liberal position on rights privileges freedoms over rights
• C. The liberal position on rights says that the primary function of government is to protect the rights to life, liberty and property
• D. a and c

Explanation: Liberalism treats life, liberty and property as basic rights, and sees government mainly as their protector.

• A. States, NGO's, IGO's
• B. Constitutional institutions, fundamental institutions, and regimes
• C. Local, national and international
• D. None of above

Explanation: Modern international society can be analysed through constitutional institutions, fundamental institutions and regimes.

• A. Cosmopolitanism
• B. Realism
• C. Pluralism
• D. All of the options given are correct

Explanation: Cosmopolitanism, realism, and pluralism each offer distinct perspectives on ethical questions in international relations, including…

• A. Cosmopolitanism
• B. Pluralism
• C. Realism
• D. Pluralism and realism

Explanation: Nussbaum's appeal to recognize humanity wherever it occurs expresses cosmopolitanism, which treats all human beings as members of a shared…