Free Forest Management MCQs with Answers

• A. Western Baluchistan ranges
• B. Northern
• C. Southern
• D. Eastern

Explanation: Pakistan’s northern mountains have steep slopes, intense runoff and fragile terrain, making them especially vulnerable to severe soil…

• A. Sand accumulates
• B. Sand deposited
• C. Both (a) & (b)
• D. None of these

Explanation: Sand dunes form where wind-blown sand accumulates or is deposited, so both statements describe the process.

• A. 5 meters
• B. 10 meters
• C. 20 meters
• D. 30 meters

Explanation: Longitudinal dunes generally migrate slowly compared with transverse dunes, with a commonly cited movement rate of about 10 metres per…

• A. All of the above
• B. Human health
• C. Cultivation
• D. Animal health
• E. Communication system

Explanation: Moving sand can bury or damage roads and other communication links, reduce cultivation, and create respiratory or other health problems…

• A. Multan
• B. Sahiwal
• C. Bahawalpur
• D. Rawalpindi

Explanation: The Cholistan Desert lies mainly in Bahawalpur Division, south and east of the city of Bahawalpur.

• A. None of these
• B. Water spreading
• C. Sand dune fixation
• D. Range burning

Explanation: Range burning is one of the oldest methods of manipulating grazing vegetation because fire removes accumulated dead material and can…

• A. Increase the palatability of forages and removal of old, dead material, thus increasing utilization by grazing animals
• B. Suppression of undesirable brush plant
• C. Preventing invasion of inferior species and to start grass growth 1-3 weeks earlier on fresh burns
• D. All of the above

Explanation: Controlled burning can improve forage palatability, remove dead growth, suppress undesirable brush, reduce inferior-species invasion and…

• A. 50 percent
• B. 60 percent
• C. 70 percent
• D. 80 percent

Explanation: Adequate post-fire moisture stimulates rapid regrowth of grasses, and in wet areas burning can raise forage yield by about 50 percent.

• A. Use of chemical fertilizer in rangelands is considered an uneconomical luxury
• B. This is probably true in the arid and semi-arid rangelands
• C. None of these
• D. Both (a) & (b)

Explanation: Chemical fertilization is generally uneconomical in arid and semi-arid rangelands because moisture is too limited to give a reliable…

• A. All of the above
• B. Development of the under-developed rangelands
• C. Maintenance of the quality of human environment and its improvement
• D. Increasing the supply of forage and fodder

Explanation: Range-management policy aims to increase forage supplies, develop neglected rangelands, and improve the human environment.

• A. All range lands of Pakistan be developed/managed primarily for livestock production consistent with multiple land use concept
• B. All of the above
• C. The survey of record of rights, where it has not been carried out yet, be taken in hand as quickly as possible
• D. Preparation of livestock feeds from agro-industrial wastes and by-products be encourages
• E. Independent and effective organisations be created at provincial as well as central levels to develop and manage vast rangelands resources

Explanation: Scientific range management requires coordinated livestock use, effective institutions, legal or rights surveys, and supplementary feed…

• A. It is a Land body which drains into a stream system
• B. Its an other name of catchment watershed
• C. Both (a) & (b)
• D. None of these

Explanation: A watershed is the land area that drains to a common stream or outlet, and catchment is a commonly used synonym.

• A. All of the above
• B. A measuring point
• C. Other designated point of interest
• D. The divide and has an outlet which is either the moth of the stream

Explanation: The watershed boundary is the drainage divide, while its outlet may be the stream mouth, a measuring point, or another designated point of…

• A. German
• B. English
• C. Both (a) & (b)
• D. None of these

Explanation: U.S. texts commonly use “watershed,” whereas British or English terminology more often uses “catchment.” German is not the intended…

• A. Both (a) & (b)
• B. Land body and dimension depth
• C. Watershed and Catchment
• D. None of these

Explanation: Watershed and catchment both refer to a drainage area contributing water to a common outlet.

• A. Wolga
• B. Indus
• C. Ganges
• D. All of the above
• E. Amazonas

Explanation: The Volga, Indus, Ganges, and Amazon drainage basins all illustrate large watersheds, while a watershed can also be as small as a local…

• A. The management of watershed area to achieve certain objectives of management
• B. The objective can be conservation of soil and water, regulation of stream flow regime, flood control, reduction of sediment, ground water recharge etc.
• C. None of these
• D. Both (a) & (b)

Explanation: Watershed management means managing the drainage area to meet objectives such as soil and water conservation, flood control, sediment…

• A. The watershed areas are surviving just on subsistence level due to limited resource gradually getting
• B. Both (a) & (b)
• C. Further impoverished on account of over-grazing, removal of vegetation, and cultivation on steep scopes
• D. None of these

Explanation: Limited resources leave watershed residents near subsistence, while overgrazing, vegetation removal, and cultivation on steep slopes…

• A. 60-90%
• B. 55-85%
• C. 50-80%
• D. 65-95%

Explanation: Watershed-management texts commonly estimate that about 50–80% of the population in these areas depends on land conversion and cultivation…

• A. 3.7 million
• B. 3.8 million
• C. 3.9 million
• D. 4 million

Explanation: The commonly cited estimate is about 3.7 million square kilometres converted into unproductive desert during the preceding 50 years.