Free Forest Ecology MCQs with Answers

• A. Mimic only
• B. Model only
• C. Both (a) & (b)
• D. Either of these

Explanation: In Müllerian mimicry, two or more genuinely protected species share warning coloration, so predators learn to avoid all of them.

• A. Plant ecology
• B. Animal ecology
• C. Ecological study of individual species
• D. Ecological study of group of species, which is grown together

Explanation: Autecology is the ecological study of an individual species, including its responses to environmental conditions.

• A. Lithophytes
• B. Xerophytes
• C. Mesophyte
• D. Hydrophytes

Explanation: Hydrophytes commonly lack a true root cap and may have root pockets instead, an adaptation to aquatic conditions.

• A. When both partners are harmed
• B. When weaker partner is benefited and the stronger is unharmed
• C. When both partners are benefited
• D. None of these

Explanation: Commensalism is a +/0 relationship: one organism benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed.

• A. Monothermic
• B. Eurythermic
• C. Stenothermic
• D. Mesothermic

Explanation: Stenothermic plants tolerate only a narrow temperature range, whereas eurythermic plants tolerate a broad range.

• A. Lithophytes
• B. Oxalophytes
• C. Phancrophytes
• D. Psammophytes

Explanation: Psammophytes are plants adapted to sandy habitats, including sand deposits and loose sandy gravel.

• A. Commensalism
• B. Symbiosis
• C. Mutualism
• D. Parasitism

Explanation: Commensalism is the specific association in which one organism benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed.

• A. Trophic
• B. Oligotrophic
• C. Eutrophic
• D. Euphotic

Explanation: A eutrophic lake is rich in nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, and commonly supports abundant algal growth.

• A. Root system
• B. Collenchyma
• C. Stomata
• D. Aerenchyma

Explanation: Hydrophytes commonly develop aerenchyma, air-filled tissue that facilitates internal gas movement and provides buoyancy in waterlogged…

• A. Euphotic, despotic and aphotic
• B. Aphotic, euphotic and despotic
• C. Euphotic, aphotic and despotic
• D. Despotic, euphotic and aphotic

Explanation: With increasing depth, light zones occur in the order euphotic, disphotic and aphotic.

• A. Mutualism
• B. Commensalism
• C. Co-operation
• D. Symbiosis

Explanation: If an intestinal microorganism benefits by feeding on host waste while the host is described as unaffected, the association is…

• A. Vascular system
• B. Stoma
• C. Root system
• D. Aerenchyma

Explanation: Submerged hydrophytes develop aerenchyma, which helps transport gases through tissues and supports buoyancy.

• A. Troposphere
• B. Mesosphere
• C. Stratospheres
• D. Thermosphere

Explanation: The troposphere is the lowest atmospheric layer and contains most of the air, water vapour and living organisms.

• A. Small spiny stem
• B. Soft and mucilaginous stem
• C. Thick and large leaf
• D. None of the above

Explanation: Hydrophytes are adapted to waterlogged or aquatic conditions, so their stems are commonly soft, weak and mucilaginous rather than hard or…

• A. Horizon B
• B. Entire solum
• C. Upper soil layer
• D. Entire top-soil

Explanation: Humus is the dark, decomposed organic matter concentrated mainly in the upper soil layer or topsoil.

• A. Restricted to, grow over certain areas
• B. Cosmopolitan in distribution
• C. Found in arctic region
• D. Gregarious in habit

Explanation: An endemic plant is native to and restricted to a particular geographic region.

• A. Alluvial
• B. Laterite
• C. Padsol
• D. None of these

Explanation: Laterite develops under intense leaching, which removes soluble materials and leaves iron and aluminium oxides concentrated in the soil.

• A. Cuvier
• B. Hackel
• C. Reiter
• D. Malthus

Explanation: Ernst Haeckel introduced the term ecology in 1866, combining the ideas of home or habitat and study.

• A. Which allows limited amount of water to be retained into it
• B. Which allows water to pass through it very quickly
• C. Which allows percolation the water slowly from it
• D. Which holds whole of the water that enters into it

Explanation: A good soil should drain excess water while retaining enough moisture for plants, which is represented here by slow percolation.

• A. Temperature deciduous forest
• B. Tropical evergreen forest
• C. North coniferous forest
• D. Tropical deciduous forest

Explanation: Broad-leaved oak forests are characteristic of temperate deciduous regions, where trees shed leaves seasonally to withstand cold or dry…