All Free Forestry MCQs with Answers

• A. All of the above
• B. Range burning
• C. Range fertilization
• D. Stock water development
• E. Range reseeding

Explanation: Range improvement may increase forage production or availability through reseeding, controlled burning, fertilization, and development of…

• A. Both (a) & (b)
• B. Artificial reseeding
• C. Natural reseeding
• D. None of these

Explanation: Range reseeding can occur naturally when plants produce and spread seed, or artificially when seed is sown by management intervention.

• A. Tobas
• B. Karez
• C. All of the above
• D. Spring
• E. Small dams

Explanation: Tobas, karezes, small dams, and springs can all provide or store water for livestock in grazing areas.

• A. Position of apical bud of bud is at surface level more resistant
• B. High portion of flowering to vegetative stems
• C. Delay in elevation of apical bud
• D. Sprout freely from axillary bud
• E. All of the above

Explanation: Plants tolerate grazing better when growing points remain close to or below the grazing level, apical-bud elevation is delayed, and…

• A. Correct kind animals
• B. Correct number of animals
• C. Correct season of range use
• D. Correct distribution of livestock
• E. All of the above

Explanation: Sound range management applies the principle of the correct kind and number of animals, at the correct season, with proper distribution…

• A. Kind of vegetation
• B. Topography
• C. Availability of drinking water
• D. All of the above

Explanation: Range suitability depends on the vegetation available for forage, the terrain that affects livestock movement and use, and reliable…

• A. Grazing systems in the northern mountains
• B. Grazing pattern in desert ranges
• C. Grazing systems in Balochistan and Sulaiman mountain range
• D. All of the above

Explanation: The question groups grazing systems geographically, covering the northern mountains, desert ranges, and Balochistan with the Sulaiman…

• A. Nomadic grazing
• B. Semi nomadic grazing
• C. Local grazing
• D. All of the above

Explanation: Northern mountain grazing may involve nomadic herders, semi-nomadic seasonal movement, and local grazing by settled communities.

• A. Spring - summer nomadic transhumance
• B. Winter nomadic transhumance
• C. Sedentary nomadic
• D. All of the above

Explanation: Balochistan and the Sulaiman range use seasonal transhumance, including movements in spring and summer and winter grazing, along with more…

• A. Policies: Develop system for effective periodic closure of range lands, to rehabilitate them and ensure sustainable livelihoods to range dwellers
• B. Measures: Enforce existing land reform laws where absentee holdings of large tracts of range land are the impediment to proper management
• C. Both (a) & (b)
• D. None of these

Explanation: Rehabilitation requires both periodic closure of degraded ranges for recovery and enforcement of land laws where absentee ownership…

• A. All of the above
• B. It is suitable for grazing and browsing by livestock
• C. Its application of scientific knowledge on rangelands and related resources for obtaining maximum feed for a variety of livestock on sustained basis
• D. The term "Range" refers to a vast area supporting natural vegetation

Explanation: A range is a large area of natural vegetation usable for grazing or browsing, while range management applies science to obtain sustained…

• A. Goats
• B. Sheep
• C. Cattle
• D. Buffaloes
• E. All of the above

Explanation: The livestock population figure in this older Pakistan range-management context includes the principal livestock groups: goats, sheep…

• A. 1.5 million
• B. 2 million
• C. 2.5 million
• D. 3 million

Explanation: The cited textbook estimate is about 2.5 million people engaged in livestock herding and rearing across Pakistan.

• A. 50 to 55
• B. 55 to 60
• C. None of these
• D. 65 to 70

Explanation: The standard estimate used in this range-management passage is roughly 65 to 70 percent for mountainous, gullied, arid, waste, and desert…

• A. From alpine pastures in the northern mountains to temperate
• B. All of the above
• C. Arid and semi-arid desert ranges in the Indus plain
• D. Mediterranean ranges in the western mountains

Explanation: Pakistan's range resources extend from alpine pastures in the north and temperate or Mediterranean ranges in the west to arid and…

• A. Site quality
• B. All of the above
• C. Market value of the product and
• D. Time involved in growing the forest crops
• E. Kind and intensity of forest management and its costs

Explanation: Forestland value depends on biological productivity through site quality, the management regime and its costs, expected product prices…

• A. To serve as a guide in buying and selling
• B. To serve as a guide for making choice among the other alternatives for investments
• C. All of the above
• D. To estimate damages
• E. To set a value for purpose of obtaining loans

Explanation: Forest valuation supports transactions, investment comparisons, loan security and compensation for damage.

• A. Time preference
• B. Risk
• C. All of the above
• D. Choice of discount rate
• E. Expectation

Explanation: Profitability assessment of long-rotation forest projects must account for the timing of returns, uncertainty and expectations, and the…

• A. Individual time preference
• B. Both (a) & (b)
• C. Social time preference
• D. None of these

Explanation: Time preference may be considered at the individual level, reflecting private choices, or at the social level, reflecting society’s…

• A. To define the objectives of the enterprise
• B. All of the above
• C. To set the criteria for decision
• D. To collect relevant information on all alternative course of action
• E. To identify constrains

Explanation: A sound forestry investment process begins by defining objectives, identifying constraints, establishing decision criteria and gathering…