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Free Pollution and Conservation MCQs with Answers

29 Pollution and Conservation MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.

Pollution covers the sources and effects of air, water, soil, noise and thermal pollutants, including toxicity, biomagnification, eutrophication and global environmental change. Conservation focuses on protecting biodiversity through habitat preservation, sustainable resource use, protected areas, wildlife laws, and in situ and ex situ methods.

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29 questions · page 1 of 2

1. The presence of lichen in an area indicates the

  • A. Absence of air pollution
  • B. Nutrient content of the area
  • C. Rich biodiversity of the area
  • D. Beginning of ecosystem degradation

Explanation: Lichens are bioindicators that can provide information about the environmental conditions of an area.

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Correct answer: Absence of air pollution

2. The ideal place for the conservation and protection of snow leopard is:

  • A. Zoo garden
  • B. National park
  • C. Botanical garden
  • D. Wildlife corridors

Explanation: The ideal place for the conservation and protection of snow leopards is a national park.

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Correct answer: National park

3. A group of environmental biologists work for the establishment of forests in the previously barren lands. The effort of these biologists exemplies:

  • A. Reduction
  • B. Recycling
  • C. Afforestation
  • D. Deforestation

Explanation: The correct answer is Afforestation. This term refers to the process of creating a forest, especially on land that was not previously…

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Correct answer: Afforestation

4. In fresh water bodies, eutrophication occurs due to the accumulation of:

  • A. Toxic gases
  • B. Heavy metals
  • C. Plastic garbage
  • D. Inorganic nutrients

Explanation: Eutrophication is the process by which a body of water becomes overly enriched with minerals and nutrients, leading to excessive growth of…

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Correct answer: Inorganic nutrients

5. Secondary sewage treatment is mainly due to

  • A. Mechanical processes
  • B. Biological processes
  • C. Physical processes
  • D. Chemical processes

Explanation: This is usually done with the help of microorganisms(bacteria), hence it is called biological treatment.

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Correct answer: Biological processes

6. Which one of the following stage of sewage treatment consists of temporarily holding the sewage in a quiescent basin where heavy solids can settle to the bottom while oil, grease and lighter solids float to the surface?

  • A. primary
  • B. secondary
  • C. tertiary
  • D. Quaternary

Explanation: The stage of sewage treatment described is called "primary sedimentation." It involves holding the sewage in a quiescent basin, allowing…

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Correct answer: primary

7. The graph shows the relationship between the number of lichens and the levels of sulfur dioxide pollution. It indicates that as the sulfur dioxide levels increase, the number of lichen decreases. Which one of following is the best conclusion drawn from the above graph?

  • A. Sulfur dioxide is an essential nutrient for lichen growth
  • B. Lichens are good pollution indicators
  • C. Lichens use sulfur dioxide in photosynthesis
  • D. Sulfur dioxide has relation with lichen growth

Explanation: Sulfur dioxide (SO2) can actually have a significant impact on lichen growth and health.

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Correct answer: Sulfur dioxide has relation with lichen growth

8. What is formed by a series of complex reactions of ozone with water in the troposphere that are driven by sunlight?

  • A. O radical
  • B. H radical
  • C. OH radical
  • D. H3O radical

Explanation: The complex reactions of ozone with water in the troposphere that are driven by sunlight produce OH radical, which is a highly reactive…

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Correct answer: OH radical

9. Which of the following is not a primary pollutant of the troposphere?

  • A. Carbon dioxide
  • B. Sulfur dioxide
  • C. Carbon monoxide
  • D. Ammonia

Explanation: Carbon dioxide is not considered a primary pollutant of the troposphere because it is a natural component of the atmosphere and is…

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Correct answer: Carbon dioxide

10. What is the drawback of nuclear energy?

  • A. It causes radiation pollution
  • B. It is very expensive
  • C. It is not long lasting
  • D. It pollutes the air

Explanation: Explanation:One of the major drawbacks of nuclear energy is the risk of radiation pollution in the event of accidents, such as the…

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Correct answer: It causes radiation pollution

11. _ are bioindicators of air pollution.

  • A. Cyanobacteria
  • B. Mycorrhizae
  • C. Fungi
  • D. Lichens

Explanation: Explanation:Correct answer is lichen as they are used as an bioindicator specifically for air pollution.

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Correct answer: Lichens

12. Ozone filters ultraviolet radiations from the sun in the upper:

  • A. Biosphere
  • B. Atmosphere
  • C. Lithosphere
  • D. Hydrosphere

Explanation: [A] Biosphere is made up of the parts of earth where life exists[B] Atmosphere is the layer of gases around earth and ozone is present in…

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Correct answer: Atmosphere

13. In aquatic ecosystem, human activities may accelerate the process of:

  • A. Eutrophication
  • B. Photosynthesis
  • C. Decomposition
  • D. Recycling

Explanation: Option A is correct since Eutrophication is the process in which the water body has an enriched amount of nutrients and thus more life and…

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Correct answer: Eutrophication

14. The natural heat energy trapped underground is:

  • A. Geothermal energy
  • B. Thermal energy
  • C. Electric energy
  • D. Solar energy

Explanation: Option A is correct since Geothermal energy is natural heat trapped underground.Option B is incorrect because Thermal energy is only heat…

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Correct answer: Geothermal energy

15. Which one of the following is depleting and causing thinning of ozone?

  • A. Chlorine
  • B. Bromine
  • C. Chlorofluorocarbon
  • D. Carbon

Explanation: Thinning in the ozone layer is caused by increasing concentrations of ozone-depleting chemicals - chlorofluorocarbons or CFCs (compounds…

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Correct answer: Chlorofluorocarbon

16. Excessive enrichment of water with nutrients by human activity by which large amount of living organic matter grows is called:

  • A. Archeotrophication
  • B. Eutrophication
  • C. Enrichment
  • D. Low Trophication

Explanation: Eutrophication is characterized by excessive plant and algal growth due to the increased availability of one or more limiting growth…

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Correct answer: Eutrophication

17. The cause of acid rain is

  • A. Oxides of carbon
  • B. Oxides of nitrogen and Sulphur
  • C. Oxides of Sulphur
  • D. Oxides of nitrogen

Explanation: Nitrogen dioxide acts as a catalyst and reacts with sulphur dioxide to form sulphur trioxide, which is the main culprit of acid rain.

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Correct answer: Oxides of nitrogen and Sulphur

18. As a result of destruction of ozone layer there is significant increase in:

  • A. Ultra-violet radiations
  • B. Greenhouse gases
  • C. Nitrogen oxide
  • D. Sulphur oxide

Explanation: The ozone layer absorbs Ultra-violet radiation. Depletion of ozone layer results in increased amount of Ultra-violet radiation reaching…

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Correct answer: Ultra-violet radiations

19. Higher rate of a biological activity in a nutrient rich pond water is called:

  • A. Water pollution
  • B. Air pollution
  • C. Eutrophication
  • D. Industrial effects

Explanation: Eutrophication is characterized as the excess growth of algae or aquatic plants due to an increase in one or more growth limiting factors…

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Correct answer: Eutrophication

20. The decline in the thickness of the ozone layer is caused by:

  • A. Increasing levels of nitrogen oxide
  • B. Decreasing level of O2
  • C. Decreasing level of CFCs
  • D. Increasing levels of CFCs

Explanation: An increase in CFC gas is responsible for the deterioration of the ozone layer.

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Correct answer: Increasing levels of CFCs
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