Free Kingdom Prokaryotae MCQs with Answers

181. Which of the following would not be found in a prokaryotic cell?

• A. Mitochondria
• B. RNA
• C. Ribosomes
• D. Plasma membrane

Explanation: Prokaryotes lack cell membrane-bound organelles, they do not contain mitochondria.

182. The filamentous appendages called pilli are present only on?

• A. Gram-positive bacteria
• B. Gram-negative bacteria
• C. Chemo-synthetic bacteria
• D. None of above

Explanation: Pilli is more common in gram-negative bacteria. Pili are long, filamentous appendages that protrude from the surface of bacteria and are involved in a variety of functions, including adhesion, motility, and conjugation. They are composed of protein subunits and can be involved in pathogenicity by allowing bacteria to attach to host cells and tissues.

183. The process of recombination in prokaryotes takes place in which of the following ways?

• A. Transformation
• B. Conjugation
• C. Transduction
• D. All of these

Explanation: Based on the explanations provided, the correct answer to the question is option D) All of these. Genetic recombination in prokaryotes can occur through transformation, conjugation, and transduction, allowing for the exchange of genetic material and the spread of advantageous traits among bacterial populations.

184. The main feature of prokaryotic cell is

• A. Absence of DNA
• B. Absence of nucleus
• C. Absence of cell wall
• D. Absence of plastids

Explanation: Prokaryotic cells have their nucleic material naked in the cytoplasm, so no nuclear envelope present, thus no nucleus.

185. Chromatin body in prokaryotes can also be termed as

• A. Nuclear body
• B. Nuclear region
• C. Nucleoid
• D. All of Above

Explanation: Prokaryotic chromosomes are naked in the cytoplasm. Chromatin body is the place where it is present and can be termed as all of the following.

186. Bacteria are capable of sharing genetic materials through the surroundings that can be advantageous in certain environments. This type of gene transmission is an example of which of the following?

• A. Transduction
• B. Transformation
• C. Binary fission
• D. Conjugation

Explanation: Transformation is a process by which bacteria make up and incorporate foreign DNA from their environment.

187. Which of the following would not be found in an E. Coli sample?

• A. Nuclei
• B. Cell wall
• C. Ribosomes
• D. Plasma membrane

Explanation: 'E. Coli', a bacterium, is a prokaryote that lacks a true nucleus. Instead, they have a nucleoid, the chromosome with its associated proteins and RNA. Options B, C, and D are incorrect since bacterias contain a cell membrane surrounded by the cell wall and ribosomes in the cytoplasm.

188. Approximately how many species of bacteria are known to cause diseases in humans?

• A. 100
• B. 150
• C. 200
• D. 250

Explanation: 200 species of bacteria are pathogenic, i.e can cause disease like cholera and tuberculosis in humans.

189. Some bacteria have resistant organelles called as:

• A. Spores
• B. Cysts
• C. Granules
• D. All of these options are correct

Explanation: Option A is correct since spores are considerably more resistant to moist and dry heat than non-sporulating bacteria. Spores are more resistant to unfavorable environmental conditions. Cysts are less resistant compared to spores.

190. Sex pili are formed in which of the following processes?

• A. Sexual reproduction
• B. Binary fission
• C. Mitosis
• D. Conjugation

Explanation: Conjugative or sex pili are special projections originating from many bacteria's cytoplasmic membranes. They are involved in the exchange of genetic material between the bacteria. This method is known as conjugation. It is analogous to sexual reproduction, hence also called 'sex' pili.