Free Kingdom Plantae MCQs with Answers

101. When the margins of sepals or petals overlap one another without any particular direction, the condition is termed as

• A. Vexillary
• B. Imbricate
• C. Twisted
• D. Valvate

Explanation: (b) : Aestivation is the arrangements of accessory floral organs (sepals or petals) in relation to one another in floral bud. Vexillary: Vexillary, also known as descending imbricate, is a type of aestivation in which the largest petal, called the standard, is outside of all the others, and the two lateral petals are inside the standard but outside the two lowest petals, which are called the keel petals. Vexillary aestivation is commonly found in legumes, such as peas and beans. Imbricate: Imbricate aestivation is a type of aestivation in which the margins of the sepals or petals overlap one another without any particular direction. This means that there is no clear pattern to the overlapping, and the margins of the sepals or petals can overlap in any way. Imbricate aestivation is commonly found in flowers such as roses and sunflowers. Twisted: Twisted aestivation is a type of aestivation in which the margins of the sepals or petals twist and fold around each other. This means that the edges of the sepals or petals are not smooth, and they overlap in an irregular way. Twisted aestivation is commonly found in flowers such as hibiscus and cotton. Valvate: Valvate aestivation is a type of aestivation in which the margins of the sepals or petals touch each other without overlapping. This means that the edges of the sepals or petals are smooth, and they meet at a seam. Valvate aestivation is commonly found in flowers such as lilies and tulips. Therefore, the correct answer is imbricate. Imbricate aestivation is the condition in which the margins of sepals or petals overlap one another without any particular direction.

102. An example of edible underground stem is

• A. Carrot
• B. Groundnut
• C. Radish
• D. Potato

Explanation: (d) : Carrot and Radish are root modifications while edible part of groundnut is seeds. Potato is an edible underground stem. It is a tuber, which is a swollen stem that stores food. The potato is the edible part of the plant. It is a good source of vitamins C and B6, as well as potassium and fiber

103. Among bitter gourd, mustard, brinjal, pumpkin, china rose, lupin, cucumber, sunhemp, gram, guava, bean, chilli, plum, petunia, tomato, rose, Withania, potato, onion, aloe and tulip how many plants have hypogynous flower?

• A. Fifteen
• B. Eighteen
• C. Six
• D. Ten

Explanation: (a) : In the hypogynous flower the gynoecium occupies the highest position while the other parts are situated below it. The ovary in such flowers is said to be superior, e.g., mustard, China rose and brinjal. All the given plants except bitter gourd, pumpkin, cucumber, guava, plum and rose have hypogynous flower.

104. Among flowers of Calotropis, tulip, Sesbania, Asparagus, Colchicum, sweet pea, Petunia, Indigofera, mustard, soybean, tobacco and groundnut, how many plants have corolla with valvate aestivation?

• A. Six
• B. Seven
• C. Eight
• D. Five

Explanation: (b) : The mode of arrangement of the sepals or petals with respect to one another in the floral bud is termed as aestivation. Aestivation is of different types valvate, twisted or contorted, imbricate, quincuncial, vexillary, convolute, and plicate. In valvate aestivation, sepals or petals or tepals just touch each other without any overlapping. Calotropis, tulip, Asparagus, Colchicum, Petunia, mustard and tobacco have valvate aestivation.

105. Inflorescence is racemose in

• A. Brinjal
• B. Tulip
• C. Aloe
• D. Soybean

Explanation: (d) : Racemose inflorescence is also called indefinite and indeterminate type. Growth of the peduncle is indefinite. Here the terminal bud will not modify intoa flower. Flowers develop in acropetal succession i.e., mature flowers are towards the base and the younger ones towards the tip of the peduncle. Flowers open in centripetal succession i.e., opening of flowers proceeds from the periphery to the centre of the inflorescence. Peduncle may be unbranched or branched. Soybean belongs to family Fabaceae which has racemose inflorescence.

106. In a cymose inflorescence the main axis

• A. Has unlimited growth
• B. Bears a solitary flower
• C. Has unlimited growth but lateral branches end in flowers
• D. Terminates in a flower

Explanation: (d) : Cymose inflorescence is also called definite or determinate inflorescence. Growth of the peduncle is definite. Here, the terminal bud is modified into a flower. Flowers develop in basipetal succession, i.e., mature flowers are towards the apex and young flower buds are towards the base. Flowers open in centrifugal sequence, i.e., flowers open from centre to the periphery of the in florescenceeg., Solanum , Ranunculus, Datura, Gossypium, etc.

107. How many plants among China rose, Ocimum, sunflower, mustard, Alstonia, guava, Calotropis and Nerium (oleander) have opposite phyllotaxy?

• A. Three
• B. Four
• C. Five
• D. Two

Explanation: (a) : In opposite phyllotaxy, two leaves are borne on the opposite sides of a single node. It is of two types; (a) opposite and superposed, (b) opposite and decussate. Ocimum, guava and Calotropis have opposite decussate phyllotaxy.

108. Placentation in tomato and lemon is

• A. Parietal
• B. Free central
• C. Marginal
• D. Axile

Explanation: (d) : Placentation is the arrangement of ovules within the ovary. It is of different types namely, marginal (pea), parietal (mustard, Argemone), axile (China rose, tomato, lemon) and free central (Dianthus, Primrose).

109. Cymose inflorescence is present in

• A. Solanum
• B. Sesbania
• C. Trifolium
• D. Brassica

Explanation: (a) : Cymose inflorescence is also called definite or determinate inflorescence. Growth of the peduncle is definite. Here, the terminal bud is modified into a flower. Flowers develop in basipetal succession, i.e., mature flowers are towards the apex and young flower buds are towards the base. Flowers open in centrifugal sequence, i.e., flowers open from centre to the peripheryof the inflorescence e.g. , Solanum , Ranunculus, Datura, Gossypium, etc.

110. Phyllode is present in

• A. Asparagus
• B. Euphorbia
• C. Australian Acacia
• D. Opuntia

Explanation: (c) : In several species of Acacia found in the deserts of Australia the bipinnate lamina is absent. Instead petiole and part of the rachis become flattened into sickle­shaped structure for performing the function of food synthesis. Such a flattened petiole which carries out the functions of the lamina is called phyllode. Formation of phyllode is a mechanism to reduce transpiration because (i) it is vertically placed and (ii) has fewer stomata.