Free Chromosomes MCQs with Answers
633 Chromosomes MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Chromosomes are DNA-protein structures that carry genes and become visible during cell division. Coverage includes chromatin, centromeres, sister chromatids, homologous chromosomes, chromosome number, and the distinction between diploid and haploid cells, with links to DNA replication, mitosis and meiosis.
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633 questions · page 6 of 32
- A. DNA polymerase III
- B. Ligase
- C. Primase
- D. DNA polymerase II
Explanation: The true E.coli replicating enzymes is DNA polymerase III which is 10 times larger and far more complex in structure.
Correct answer: DNA polymerase III- A. DNA polymerase I
- B. Pirmase
- C. Ligase
- D. DNA polymerase II
Explanation: DNA polymerase I is a relatively small enzyme that plays a supporting role in DNA replication.
Correct answer: DNA polymerase I- A. 2
- B. 3
- C. 4
- D. 5
Explanation: During elongation, an enzyme called DNA polymerase adds DNA nucleotides to the 3' end of the template.
Correct answer: 3- A. Leading strand
- B. Lagging strand
- C. Both (A) and (B)
- D. None of the above
Explanation: Leading strand, which elongates toward the replication fork, is built up simply by adding nucleotides continuously to its growing 3' end.
Correct answer: Leading strand- A. 100-200 nucleotide
- B. 200-300 nucleotide
- C. 300-400 nucleotide
- D. 400-500 nucleotide
Explanation: Okazaki fragments are about 100 - 200 nucleotides long in eukaryotes and 1000 - 2000 nucleotides long in prokaryotes.
Correct answer: 100-200 nucleotide- A. RNA
- B. DNA
- C. Protein
- D. Enzyme
Explanation: The term "Okazaki fragment" refers to short, newly synthesized DNA fragments formed on the lagging strand during DNA replication.
Correct answer: DNA- A. DNA polymerase I
- B. Pirmase
- C. Ligase
- D. DNA polymerase III
Explanation: Each Okazaki fragment is synthesized by DNA polymerase III in 5' → 3' direction, beginning at the replication fork and moving away from it.
Correct answer: DNA polymerase III- A. Beadle and Tatum
- B. Meselson - Stahl
- C. Garrod and Bateson
- D. Watson and Crick
Explanation: Explanation for this question will be added soon!
Correct answer: Garrod and Bateson- A. Beadle and Tatum
- B. Meselson - Stahl
- C. Garrod and Bateson
- D. Watson and Crick
Explanation: Beadle and Tatum exposed Neurospora spores to X-rays, expecting that DNA in some of these spores would experience damage in the regions…
Correct answer: Beadle and Tatum- A. Hemophilia
- B. Anemia
- C. Alkaptonuria
- D. Tay Sach's disease
Explanation: In normal individuals, homogentisic acid is broken down into simpler substances.
Correct answer: Alkaptonuria- A. Sugar
- B. Ammonia
- C. Enzymes
- D. Vitamins
Explanation: Beadle and Tatum prepared a minimal medium which included sugar, ammonia, salt and vitamins but enzyme was absent.
Correct answer: Enzymes- A. Beadle and Tatum
- B. Meselson - Stahl
- C. Garrod and Bateson
- D. Watson and Crick
Explanation: Beadle and Tatum placed subcultures of individual fungal cells on a "minimal" medium that contained only sugar, ammonia, salts, a few…
Correct answer: Beadle and Tatum- A. Enzyme
- B. Protein
- C. Polypeptide
- D. Polysaccharide
Explanation: The more accurate statement is that "one gene typically encodes for one polypeptide." This concept is known as the one gene-one…
Correct answer: Polypeptide- A. Vernon Ingram
- B. Sanger
- C. P.A. Levene
- D. F. Miescher
Explanation: The sequence of amino acids in insulin molecules was determined by Frederick Sanger in the early 1950s.
Correct answer: Sanger- A. Vernon Ingram
- B. Herrick
- C. P.A. Levene
- D. F. Miescher
Explanation: While Vernon Ingram made significant contributions to the understanding of sickle cell anemia, he did not discover the condition.
Correct answer: Vernon Ingram- A. Histidine
- B. Leucine
- C. Valine
- D. Proline
Explanation: Sickle cell anemia is caused by a specific point mutation in the gene that encodes the beta-globin subunit of hemoglobin.
Correct answer: Valine- A. Protein
- B. DNA
- C. mRNA
- D. All of the above
Explanation: The Central Dogma of molecular biology outlines the unidirectional flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA and then to protein.
Correct answer: All of the above- A. Replication
- B. Transcription
- C. Translation
- D. None of the above
Explanation: The synthesis of protein, a fundamental process in biology, is termed translation.
Correct answer: Translation- A. Transcription
- B. Replication
- C. Translation
- D. None of the above
Explanation: The synthesis of RNA from DNA is called transcription. During transcription, an RNA polymerase enzyme binds to a specific region of DNA…
Correct answer: Transcription- A. mRNA
- B. rRNA
- C. tRNA
- D. None of the above
Explanation: Anticodons are present on transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules. These specialized RNA molecules play a crucial role in protein synthesis by…
Correct answer: tRNA