Free Chemical Coordination and Hormones MCQs with Answers
257 Chemical Coordination and Hormones MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Chemical coordination uses hormones released by endocrine glands and carried in blood to specific target cells. Coverage includes the pituitary, thyroid, pancreas, adrenal glands, ovaries and testes, feedback control, and the contrast between slower, longer-lasting hormonal responses and rapid nervous coordination.
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257 questions · page 6 of 13
- A. Glucagon
- B. Calcitonin
- C. Nor-epinephrine
- D. Thyroxine
Explanation: Beta cells of the islets of Langerhans secrete insulin, which lowers blood glucose by increasing uptake and storage in cells.
Correct answer: Glucagon- A. Glucagon
- B. Pancreatic juice
- C. Insulin
- D. Parathormone
Explanation: Beta cells of the islets of Langerhans secrete insulin, which lowers blood glucose by increasing uptake and storage in cells.
Correct answer: Insulin- A. Glucagon
- B. Insulin
- C. Bile
- D. Both A and B
Explanation: Insulin promotes glycogenesis in the liver and muscles, storing excess glucose as glycogen when blood sugar levels are high.
Correct answer: Insulin- A. Acetylcholine
- B. Nicotine
- C. Dopamine
- D. Epinephrine
Explanation: Epinephrine (adrenaline) acts as both a neurotransmitter and a hormone, mediating nervous and endocrine responses in "fight or flight."
Correct answer: Epinephrine- A. Cortisol
- B. Aldosterone
- C. Corticosterone
- D. Androgen
Explanation: Cortisol is a pure glucocorticoid, regulating metabolism, blood glucose, and stress responses. Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid.
Correct answer: Cortisol- A. Cortisol
- B. Aldosterone
- C. Corticosterone
- D. Androgen
Explanation: Aldosterone is the chief mineralocorticoid, maintaining Na+/K+ balance and blood pressure. Cortisol, in contrast, is a glucocorticoid.
Correct answer: Aldosterone- A. Epinephrine
- B. Cortisol
- C. Calcitriol
- D. Androgen
Explanation: Calcitriol (active vitamin D3) is produced in the kidney, not adrenal gland. Adrenal gland produces epinephrine, cortisol, and androgens.
Correct answer: Calcitriol- A. Hyperthyroidism
- B. Overproduction of STH
- C. Overproduction of adrenal cortex
- D. Overproduction of adrenal medulla
Explanation: The excess secretion of epinephrine/norepinephrine from adrenal medulla increases aggression, anxiety, BP, and heart rate.
Correct answer: Overproduction of adrenal medulla- A. Vasopressin
- B. Secretin
- C. Epinephrine
- D. Norepinephrine
Explanation: Norepinephrine causes vasoconstriction by acting on α- adrenergic receptors, helping raise blood pressure during stress.
Correct answer: Norepinephrine- A. Addison's disease
- B. Cushing's disease
- C. Failure to cope stress
- D. Tay Sachs disease
Explanation: Tay-Sachs is a genetic lipid storage disorder, unrelated to adrenal cortex. Addison's and Cushing's are adrenal cortical disorders
Correct answer: Tay Sachs disease- A. Sterility
- B. Male-like characters in female
- C. Over androgen production
- D. High steroid level in blood
Explanation: Tumors of adrenal cortex increase androgens, leading to virilization and high steroids. Sterility is not a direct result.
Correct answer: Sterility- A. All parts of body
- B. Skin and gut
- C. Brain and muscles
- D. Skin and muscles
Explanation: In stress response, epinephrine and norepinephrine constrict skin/gut vessels to divert blood toward muscles and brain.
Correct answer: Skin and gut- A. Insulin
- B. Glucagon
- C. Glucocorticoid
- D. Vasopressin
Explanation: Diabetes insipidus is due to deficiency or insensitivity of ADH (vasopressin), leading to excessive urination and thirst.
Correct answer: Vasopressin- A. TSH
- B. FSH
- C. ACTH
- D. ADH
Explanation: Tropic hormones stimulate other endocrine glands. ADH (vasopressin) acts directly on kidneys, so it is not tropic.
Correct answer: ADH- A. Addison's disease
- B. Pregnancy
- C. Strong sunlight exposure
- D. Cushing's disease
Explanation: MSH increases in Addison's, pregnancy, and sunlight. In Cushing's, excess cortisol dominates, not MSH.
Correct answer: Cushing's disease- A. Increased
- B. Maintained
- C. Decreased
- D. Has no effect on reabsorption
Explanation: ADH increases permeability of kidney's collecting ducts, enhancing water reabsorption and reducing urine volume.
Correct answer: Increased- A. FSH, LH, and estrogen
- B. Estrogen, FSH and LH
- C. LH, estrogen and FSH
- D. FSH, estrogen and LH
Explanation: Pituitary produces FSH & LH; ovaries produce estrogen (and progesterone).
Correct answer: FSH, LH, and estrogen- A. Grave's disease
- B. Myxedema
- C. Addison's disease
- D. Cretinism
Explanation: Cretinism (congenital hypothyroidism) causes stunted growth and mental retardation due to low thyroxine during fetal life.
Correct answer: Cretinism- A. ACTH
- B. ICSH
- C. TRF
- D. MSH
Explanation: LH in males is called Interstitial Cell Stimulating Hormone (ICSH), which stimulates Leydig cells to secrete testosterone.
Correct answer: ICSH- A. T1
- B. T2
- C. T3
- D. T4
Explanation: T3 (triiodothyronine) is the active form of thyroid hormone, more potent than T4.
Correct answer: T4