Which of the following options gives the correct sequence of events during mitosis ?
Correct answer: A. Condensation → Nuclear membrane disassembly → Arrangement at equator → Centromere division → Segregation → Telophase
- A. Condensation → Nuclear membrane disassembly → Arrangement at equator → Centromere division → Segregation → Telophase
- B. Condensation → Arrangement at equator → Centromere division → Segregation → Telophase
- C. Condensation → Nuclear membrane disassembly → Crossing over → Segregation → Telophase
- D. Nuclear membrane disassembly → Condensation → Arrangement at equator → Segregation → Centromere division → Telophase
Explanation
Mitosis is divided into four phases, i.e., prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During prophase, the indistinct and intertwined DNA molecules condense to form elongated chromosomes. The nuclear membrane disintegrates during prophase. During metaphase, the chromosomes align themselves at the equatorial plate. During anaphase, the centromere of each chromosome divides into two so that each chromosome comes to have its own centromere. Chromatids move towards opposite poles along the path of their chromosome fibers. Finally, during telophase, two chromosome groups reorganize to form two nuclei. The nuclear envelope reappears, the Golgi complex and endoplasmic reticulum are reformed, etc. Crossing over occurs during meiosis. Option (c) also gives the correct sequence of events, but it misses step II (nuclear membrane disassembly). Hence, it is ruled out, as the most appropriate answer is answer (a).
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Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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