Which of the following is the CORRECT sequence of the working principle of Carnot engine?
Correct answer: C. Isothermal expansion adiabatic expansion isothermal compression adiabatic compression
- A. Adiabatic compression isothermal expansion isobaric compression isochoric expansion
- B. Isothermal expansion isobaric compression adiabatic compression isochoric expansion
- C. Isothermal expansion adiabatic expansion isothermal compression adiabatic compression
- D. Isobaric compression isothermal expansion isochoric expansion adiabatic compression
Explanation
1. Isothermal expansion: Heat is absorbed at a constant high temperature (\(T_{H}\)) while the system expands and does work. 2. Adiabatic expansion: The system continues to expand, but no heat is exchanged, causing the temperature to drop to a lower temperature (\(T_{L}\)). 3. Isothermal compression: Heat is rejected at a constant low temperature (\(T_{L}\)) while the system is compressed. 4. Adiabatic compression: The system is further compressed without heat exchange, causing the temperature to rise back to the initial high temperature (\(T_{H}\)).
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About First Law of Thermodynamics
The first law relates heat supplied, work done and the change in internal energy through energy conservation. Problems use sign conventions and apply the law to isothermal, adiabatic, isobaric and isochoric processes. Internal energy is a state function, while heat and work depend on the path followed.
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