A turbine in a thermal power plant takes steam from a boiler at 646 K and exhausts into a low temperature reservoir at 546 K.The efficiency of the turbine is
Correct answer: B. 15.3%.
- A. 8.4%.
- B. 15.3%.
- C. 18.3%.
- D. 84.5%.
Explanation
The efficiency of a turbine in a thermal power plant can be calculated using the Carnot efficiency formula, which is the maximum theoretical efficiency for a heat engine operating between two temperatures:Efficiency (η) = 1 - (T_cold / T_hot)Given: * Temperature of the hot reservoir (T_hot) = 646 K * Temperature of the cold reservoir (T_cold) = 546 KNow, let's calculate the efficiency:η = 1 - (546 K / 646 K)η = 1 - 0.84519η = 0.15481To express this as a percentage, multiply by 100:η = 0.15481 * 100 = 15.481%
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About First Law of Thermodynamics
The first law relates heat supplied, work done and the change in internal energy through energy conservation. Problems use sign conventions and apply the law to isothermal, adiabatic, isobaric and isochoric processes. Internal energy is a state function, while heat and work depend on the path followed.
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