During which part of the process no work is done on or by the gas?

Explanation

1. Understanding Work Done in a P-V Graph: In a Pressure-Volume (P-V) graph, the work done by or on a gas during a process is represented by the area under the curve of that process. 2. Condition for Zero Work: For no work to be done on or by the gas, the change in volume (\(\Delta V\)) must be zero. This corresponds to an isochoric process (constant volume). 3. Analyzing the Graph: i to ii: The volume changes from 1 to 3. Work is done. ii to iii: The volume remains constant at 3. Therefore, \(\Delta V=0\), and no work is done. iii to iv: The volume changes from 3 to 4. Work is done. iv to v (assuming v is point 1): The volume changes from 4 to 1. Work is done. 4. Conclusion: The part of the process where no work is done is from ii to iii, as the volume remains constant during this segment. Answer: B) ii to iii