Which of the following groups is considered to have a deactivating effect during aromatic substitution?
Correct answer: D. -CN
- A. -OH
- B. -OR
- C. -NH2
- D. -CN
Explanation
-CN (Cyano group) is a deactivating group. It withdraws electron density from the ring through the inductive effect, reducing the reactivity of the system.
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About Benzene and Aromatic Compounds
Benzene has a planar ring of delocalised π electrons, giving aromatic stability and equal carbon-carbon bond lengths. The topic covers resonance, electrophilic substitution reactions such as nitration, halogenation, sulphonation and Friedel-Crafts reactions, along with substituent effects and the distinction between substitution in benzene and addition in ordinary alkenes.
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