Which IV solution is a hypertonic crystalloid commonly used under close monitoring for severe symptomatic hyponatraemia?
Correct answer: C. 3% sodium chloride
- A. 0.45% sodium chloride
- B. 0.9% sodium chloride
- C. 3% sodium chloride
- D. 5% dextrose in water
Explanation
3% sodium chloride is hypertonic and raises the extracellular sodium concentration. It requires careful monitoring because rapid correction can cause serious neurological injury, while 0.45% sodium chloride is hypotonic.
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About IV Fluids and Blood Transfusion
IV therapy covers crystalloid and colloid fluids, electrolyte replacement, maintenance and resuscitation fluids, infusion equipment and complications such as infiltration, phlebitis, fluid overload and electrolyte imbalance. Blood transfusion content includes compatibility, cross matching, administration precautions and recognition of haemolytic, febrile and allergic reactions, distinct from ordinary IV fluid reactions.
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