The sudden constriction of the pupil when bright light falls on the eye is an example of

  • A. a reflex action
  • B. a conditioned response
  • C. a voluntary movement
  • D. a hormonal effect

Explanation

The pupil reflex is automatic, rapid and involuntary, integrated in the brain stem, meeting every criterion of a reflex. It happens even in sleep, which shows that no conscious control or learning is involved.

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