The hybridisation of the carbon atoms in ethene and the bond angle about each are
Correct answer: C. sp2 and 120 degrees
- A. sp3 and 109.5 degrees
- B. sp and 180 degrees
- C. sp2 and 120 degrees
- D. sp2 and 109.5 degrees
Explanation
Each carbon forms three sigma bonds using sp2 hybrids arranged in a plane at 120 degrees, and the remaining unhybridised p orbitals overlap sideways to form the pi bond. That sideways overlap is what prevents rotation and makes geometric isomerism possible. The whole ethene molecule is therefore flat.
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About Alkenes
Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons containing a carbon-carbon double bond with sigma and pi components and restricted rotation. Their reactions include electrophilic addition of hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides and water, with Markovnikov orientation, oxidation, combustion and polymerisation, while their preparation commonly involves elimination from alkyl halides or alcohols.
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