The addition of hydrogen to an alkene in the presence of a nickel catalyst is called
Correct answer: B. hydrogenation
- A. dehydration
- B. hydrogenation
- C. hydrolysis
- D. halogenation
Explanation
Hydrogen adds across the double bond to give the corresponding alkane, and this is the process used to convert liquid vegetable oils into solid fats such as margarine. Nickel at about 150 degrees Celsius is the usual catalyst, though platinum works at lower temperatures. Excessive hydrogenation in food manufacture produces trans fats, which is why the extent of the reaction is controlled.
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About Alkenes
Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons containing a carbon-carbon double bond with sigma and pi components and restricted rotation. Their reactions include electrophilic addition of hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides and water, with Markovnikov orientation, oxidation, combustion and polymerisation, while their preparation commonly involves elimination from alkyl halides or alcohols.
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