The energy grade line in a pipe system lies above the hydraulic grade line by the:
Correct answer: C. Velocity head
- A. Pressure head
- B. Elevation head
- C. Velocity head
- D. Friction head
Explanation
The energy grade line represents elevation head plus pressure head plus velocity head. The hydraulic grade line excludes velocity head, so their vertical separation equals V²/(2g).
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About Hydraulics and Water Resources
Hydraulics studies fluid properties, pressure, buoyancy, continuity, Bernoulli's equation, momentum, pipe flow, open-channel flow and hydraulic machines. Water resources extends these principles to pumps, turbines, reservoirs, irrigation, floods and hydrology, while distinguishing laminar from turbulent flow and uniform from gradually varied channel flow.
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