The commonest vector used to carry a gene into a bacterial cell is
Correct answer: D. a plasmid
- A. a ribosome
- B. a mitochondrion
- C. a molecule of messenger RNA
- D. a plasmid
Explanation
A plasmid is a small circular piece of DNA separate from the bacterial chromosome that replicates on its own and can be taken up from the surrounding medium, which makes it an ideal carrier. Engineered plasmids also carry a marker gene, often for antibiotic resistance, so that transformed cells can be picked out. Viruses are the other common class of vector, especially for animal cells.
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Biotechnology applies genetic engineering, cell culture and recombinant DNA methods to medicine and public health. The material includes production of insulin, vaccines and antibiotics, diagnostic techniques, gene therapy, genetically modified organisms and the ethical concerns surrounding manipulation of human genes.
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