A restriction endonuclease is used in genetic engineering to
Correct answer: A. cut DNA at a specific base sequence, often leaving sticky ends
- A. cut DNA at a specific base sequence, often leaving sticky ends
- B. join two DNA fragments together
- C. translate mRNA into protein
- D. unwind the double helix during replication
Explanation
Each enzyme recognises its own short palindromic sequence and cuts both strands there, and a staggered cut leaves short single stranded overhangs. Because the same enzyme produces complementary overhangs on the gene and on the plasmid, the two pair up by hydrogen bonding when mixed. Bacteria evolved these enzymes as a defence against phage DNA.
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Biotechnology applies genetic engineering, cell culture and recombinant DNA methods to medicine and public health. The material includes production of insulin, vaccines and antibiotics, diagnostic techniques, gene therapy, genetically modified organisms and the ethical concerns surrounding manipulation of human genes.
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