The chlorination of methane in the presence of ultraviolet light proceeds by
Correct answer: C. free radical substitution
- A. nucleophilic substitution
- B. electrophilic addition
- C. free radical substitution
- D. elimination
Explanation
Ultraviolet light splits the chlorine molecule homolytically into two radicals, which then abstract hydrogen from methane and set up a chain reaction of propagation steps until two radicals combine and terminate it. Because the chain continues, the reaction does not stop at chloromethane but produces a mixture of all four chlorinated products. Substitution is characteristic of saturated compounds, while addition belongs to unsaturated ones.
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About Free Radical Substitution
Free radical substitution explains how alkanes react with halogens under ultraviolet light or heat through initiation, propagation and termination steps. The mechanism involves homolytic bond fission and radical intermediates, while product formation depends on the relative stability of radicals and differs from ionic substitution.
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