The anion size are larger than its atomic size because:
Correct answer: C. The repulsion between electrons increases with the addition of electrons
- A. The addition of an electron increases the volume of the electron cloud
- B. It increases the effective nuclear charge
- C. The repulsion between electrons increases with the addition of electrons
- D. The attraction between electrons and the nucleus increases
Explanation
The correct answer is that the repulsion between electrons increases with the addition of electrons. When an anion is formed, an extra electron is added to the atom. This leads to increased electron-electron repulsion, which outweighs the attraction between the nucleus and the electrons, causing the electron cloud to expand and making the anion larger than its parent atom. Option A is incorrect because the volume increase is due to repulsion, not just more space. Option B is incorrect because the effective nuclear charge remains the same. Option D is incorrect because the net attraction does not increase; rather, the repulsion is the dominant factor.
This question appeared on the ETEA MDCAT 2011 paper, which you can sit online with every answer explained.
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About Periodic Properties and Trends
Periodic properties arise from electron configuration and effective nuclear charge, producing trends in atomic and ionic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity, metallic character and reactivity. Comparisons run across periods and down groups, with attention to common exceptions. The topic also relates these trends to the behavior of s-block and p-block elements.
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