Statements:Some papers are cats. All cats are bats. No bat is horse.Conclusions:I. Some papers are horses.II. No horse is cat.III. Some bats are papers.IV. All papers are bats.Which of the following is/are most appropriate in the above scenario?
Correct answer: B. Only II and III
- A. Only I and II
- B. Only II and III
- C. Only III and IV
- D. Only I and IV
Explanation
The correct conclusions are II and III. Conclusion II follows because all cats are bats and no bat is a horse, which directly implies that no cat can be a horse. Conclusion III follows because some papers are cats and all cats are bats, leading to the deduction that some bats are papers. The other options are incorrect because either they include conclusions that do not logically follow from the given statements (such as conclusion IV which assumes all papers are bats without sufficient evidence) or they exclude correct conclusions.
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Logical problems present several conditions about people, objects, events or choices and require their possible arrangements to be tested. They cover constraint-based reasoning, rankings, matching, grouping, scheduling and elimination, with attention to the difference between a complete solution and a possibility that merely satisfies one condition.
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