Statements: All coins are round. All rounds are shapes. Conclusions: I. All coins are shapes. II. Some shapes are coins
Correct answer: B. Both I and II
- A. Only I
- B. Both I and II
- C. Only II
- D. Neither I nor II
Explanation
Conclusion I: All coins are shapes. True, because coins ⊆ rounds ⊆ shapes.Conclusion II: Some shapes are coins. True, because "all coins are shapes" implies at least some shapes are coins.Both conclusions I and II follow.
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About Logical Deductions
Logical deductions require conclusions to be drawn from stated facts, conditions and relationships without adding outside information. The work includes handling all, some and none statements, necessary and sufficient conditions, ordering restrictions, true or false conclusions, and the difference between what must be true and what could be true.
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