In an enveloped animal virus, the envelope is derived from
Correct answer: B. the membrane of the host cell it budded from
- A. protein synthesised by the viral genome alone
- B. the membrane of the host cell it budded from
- C. the nucleic acid core of the virus
- D. capsomeres rearranged after assembly
Explanation
As the assembled particle buds out of an infected cell it wraps itself in a patch of the host's plasma membrane or nuclear membrane, so the envelope is host lipid carrying virally coded glycoprotein spikes. This is why enveloped viruses such as HIV and influenza are easily destroyed by soap and alcohol, which dissolve lipid. The spikes are viral, but the lipid bilayer itself is not.
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About Viruses
Viruses are acellular infectious particles made of genetic material enclosed by a protein capsid, sometimes with a lipid envelope. Their replication depends on a host cell and may follow lytic or lysogenic cycles, so viral structure and reproduction differ fundamentally from those of cellular organisms such as bacteria.
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