Glucose levels in the blood are maintained through the competing actions of two main hormones: insulin and glucagon. Other hormones, such as somatostatin, and catecholamines, such as acetylcholine, also serve to modulate glucose levels in the blood. Which molecule is produced by the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.
Correct answer: C. Glucagon
- A. Insulin
- B. Somatostatin
- C. Glucagon
- D. Acetylcholine
Explanation
Alpha cells in the islets of Langerhans are responsible for producing and secreting glucagon in response to high blood glucose levels. Insulin antagonises the alpha cells to prevent glucagon release. In diabetes, when the beta cells of the pancreas are not functional, extremely high levels of glucagon exist in the blood due to loss of the negative feedback loop. Beta and delta cells in the islets of Langerhans produce insulin and somatostatin, respectively. Neurons release acetylcholine to modulate glucose control through indirect processes.
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About Chemical Coordination and Hormones
Chemical coordination uses hormones released by endocrine glands and carried in blood to specific target cells. Coverage includes the pituitary, thyroid, pancreas, adrenal glands, ovaries and testes, feedback control, and the contrast between slower, longer-lasting hormonal responses and rapid nervous coordination.
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