During sulphonation of benzene H2SO4 generates the electrophile _________________?
Correct answer: C. SO3
- A. HSO4-
- B. SO2
- C. SO3
- D. H+
Explanation
In concentrated sulfuric acid or oleum, sulfur trioxide, SO3, acts as the electrophile that attacks the benzene ring during sulphonation. H+ helps generate the reactive medium but is not the electrophile that introduces the sulfonic group, so students may choose H+ by focusing on the acid catalyst.
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About Benzene and Aromatic Compounds
Benzene has a planar ring of delocalised π electrons, giving aromatic stability and equal carbon-carbon bond lengths. The topic covers resonance, electrophilic substitution reactions such as nitration, halogenation, sulphonation and Friedel-Crafts reactions, along with substituent effects and the distinction between substitution in benzene and addition in ordinary alkenes.
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