Which compound will readily undergo sulphonation ?
Correct answer: C. Toluene
- A. Benzene
- B. Nitro benzene
- C. Toluene
- D. Chlorobenzene
Explanation
The methyl group in toluene donates electron density to the benzene ring and activates it towards electrophilic substitution, making sulphonation easier than in benzene. Nitrobenzene and chlorobenzene are deactivating groups, so students may choose benzene by ignoring the activating effect of the methyl group.
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About Benzene and Aromatic Compounds
Benzene has a planar ring of delocalised π electrons, giving aromatic stability and equal carbon-carbon bond lengths. The topic covers resonance, electrophilic substitution reactions such as nitration, halogenation, sulphonation and Friedel-Crafts reactions, along with substituent effects and the distinction between substitution in benzene and addition in ordinary alkenes.
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