Dark reactions of carbon assimilation occur in:
Correct answer: D. Chloroplasts
- A. Cytoplasmic matrix
- B. Leucoplasts
- C. Mitochondria
- D. Chloroplasts
Explanation
The correct answer is chloroplast. Chloroplasts are the sites of photosynthesis in plant cells, encompassing both the light-dependent and light-independent reactions. The light-independent reactions, also known as the Calvin cycle or dark reactions, occur in the stroma of chloroplasts. During these reactions, carbon dioxide is assimilated into organic molecules like glucose. The other options are incorrect because they do not involve the photosynthetic process: the cytoplasmic matrix is involved in general cellular activities, leucoplasts are for storage, and mitochondria are involved in energy production through cellular respiration, not photosynthesis.
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About Bioenergetics
Cellular respiration explains how cells release energy from glucose through glycolysis, the link reaction, Krebs cycle and electron transport chain. It includes ATP production, substrate-level and oxidative phosphorylation, aerobic versus anaerobic respiration, and the roles of mitochondria, oxygen and fermentation in energy transfer.
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