Photophosphorylation is a synthesis of:
Correct answer: B. ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate
- A. Glucose from carbon dioxide and water
- B. ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate
- C. Oxygen from water molecules
- D. NADPH from NADP⁺ and hydrogen ions
Explanation
During photophosphorylation, light energy is captured by chlorophyll and other pigment molecules in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts. This energy is then used to generate ATP through the phosphorylation of ADP (adenosine diphosphate). In other words, photophosphorylation involves the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi) using the energy obtained from light. This process occurs via two main mechanisms: cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation. In cyclic photophosphorylation, only ATP is produced by utilizing light energy and an electron transport chain within the thylakoid membrane. Non-cyclic photophosphorylation involves both ATP and NADPH (reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) synthesis and requires the participation of both photosystem I and photosystem II. Therefore, photophosphorylation is the synthesis of ATP from ADP.
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Cellular respiration explains how cells release energy from glucose through glycolysis, the link reaction, Krebs cycle and electron transport chain. It includes ATP production, substrate-level and oxidative phosphorylation, aerobic versus anaerobic respiration, and the roles of mitochondria, oxygen and fermentation in energy transfer.
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