Choose the one which is an example of artificial active immunity:
Correct answer: C. Baby receiving MMR shots
- A. Fetus receiving antibodies of mother through the placenta
- B. Mother receiving antibodies
- C. Baby receiving MMR shots
- D. Prevention of a disease due to previous infection
Explanation
Artificial active immunity involves the introduction of a vaccine (e.g., MMR shots) containing weakened or inactivated pathogens or their components, stimulating the immune system to produce its own antibodies and memory cells for long-term immunity.Why not the others?Prevention of a disease due to previous infection: This is natural active immunity, as it results from the body producing antibodies after recovering from an infection.Mother receiving antibodies: This refers to artificial passive immunity, such as receiving preformed antibodies via injections like immunoglobulins.Fetus receiving antibodies through the placenta: This is natural passive immunity, as antibodies (IgG) are transferred naturally from the mother to the fetus.
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Specific defense mechanisms provide targeted immunity through B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, antibodies and memory cells that recognize particular antigens. Questions cover humoral and cell mediated responses, clonal selection, primary and secondary immune responses, vaccination and passive immunity, while distinguishing adaptive defenses from the immediate, non specific innate response.
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