Carbonates of sodium are stable but carbonates of lithium are less stable because of?
Correct answer: B. High charge density
- A. Low electronegativity
- B. High charge density
- C. Low charge density
- D. Not known yet
Explanation
Lithium ion (Li⁺) is very small with a high charge density. This high charge density polarizes the carbonate ion (CO₃²⁻) strongly, making lithium carbonate less stable. Sodium ions (Na⁺) are larger with lower charge density, so their carbonates are more stable.
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About Reactions of Group I Elements
Group I elements have one valence electron, so their reactivity increases down the group as ionisation energy decreases. Their reactions with water, oxygen, hydrogen and halogens produce hydroxides, oxides, hydrides and halides, while the behaviour of lithium differs from the heavier metals because of its small ionic size.
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