Benzene with nitrating mixture gives?

Explanation

The nitration of benzene is a classic electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. A nitrating mixture, which is a mixture of concentrated nitric acid (HNO_3 ) and concentrated sulfuric acid (H_2 SO_4 ), is used to introduce a nitro group (-NO_2 ) onto the benzene ring. The reaction proceeds as follows:Formation of the electrophile: The nitrating mixture generates the nitronium ion (NO_2 ⁺) as the electrophile.Attack by the electrophile: The nitronium ion attacks the electron-rich benzene ring, forming a sigma complex.Loss of a proton: The sigma complex loses a proton to regenerate the aromatic system, resulting in the formation of nitrobenzene.