Antibiotics such as streptomycin kill bacteria without seriously harming human cells because they
Correct answer: C. bind to 70S ribosomes and stop bacterial protein synthesis
- A. block transcription in the human nucleus
- B. dissolve the plasma membrane of bacteria only
- C. bind to 70S ribosomes and stop bacterial protein synthesis
- D. prevent DNA replication in both cell types equally
Explanation
Human cytoplasmic ribosomes are the larger 80S type, so drugs aimed at the bacterial 70S ribosome interfere selectively with the bacterium. This selectivity is the basis of safe chemotherapy, and it is why the ribosome difference matters clinically.
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About Animal and Plant Cell
Animal and plant cells share a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, ribosomes, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, but plant cells also have a cellulose cell wall, chloroplasts and a large permanent vacuole. Questions cover organelle structure and function, differences between the two cell types, and how membranes control movement of substances.
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