A steroid hormone which regulates glucose metabolism is:
Correct answer: B. Cortisol
- A. Cortisone
- B. Cortisol
- C. Corticosterone
- D. Deoxycorticosterone
Explanation
Adrenal glands or (suprarenal glands) are two triangular endocrine glands, each of which covers the superior surface of a kidney. Each gland has two parts, the medulla and cortex. The medulla forms the grey core of the gland; it consists mainly of chromaffin tissue and is stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system to produce adrenaline and noradrenaline. The cortex is a yellowish tissue surrounding the medulla. It is stimulated by pituitary hormones (principally ACTH) to produce three kinds of corticosteroid hormones, which affect carbohydrate metabolism (e.g., cortisol), electrolyte metabolism (e.g., aldosterone), and the sex glands (oestrogens and androgens). Thus injury to adrenal cortex is not likely to affect the secretion of adrenaline.
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Chemical coordination uses hormones released by endocrine glands and carried in blood to specific target cells. Coverage includes the pituitary, thyroid, pancreas, adrenal glands, ovaries and testes, feedback control, and the contrast between slower, longer-lasting hormonal responses and rapid nervous coordination.
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