A pregnant female delivers a baby who suffers from stunted growth, mental retardation, a low intelligence quotient and abnormal skin. This is the result of:
Correct answer: C. Deficiency of iodine in diet
- A. Cancer of the thyroid gland
- B. Oversecretion of pars distalis
- C. Deficiency of iodine in diet
- D. Low secretion of growth hormone
Explanation
Iodine is needed for the synthesis of T3 and T4. Iodine binds to the tyrosine residues in thyroglobulin, which is then hydrolysed into iodotyrosines that combine to form tri-iodothyronine (T3 ) or thyroxine (tetraiodothyronine or T4 ). Therefore, deficiency of iodine in the diet of a pregnant female will lead to the improper synthesis of thyroid hormones in the newly borne infant.
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